略窥潮汕话的古汉语身影

略窥潮汕话的古汉语身影——你在其它方言中见到了吗？

文章来源：https://read01.com/Jg8Kx5.html

1、古人说“吃”，全部都用一个“食”字解决，如食饭、食糜、食水、食馒头……而今只有潮汕话保留了这一点，而如普通话等则早已是吃饭、喝粥、饮水、啃馒头；

2、在现今潮汕方言语汇中有不少是见之于秦汉或唐宋的古籍中，如：“东司”、“翘楚”、“姿娘”、“腰佝”、“书册”、“眠起”、“起厝”……等等。

3、沽酒（打酒）、行（走）、走（跑）、勿（不要）、伊（他或她）、打秩（收拾、教训）等等。

4、潮汕话还保留了许多神传文化中修炼与信仰的内涵，如：出世（出生），老去（逝世），未来事先知（指具有宿命通功能，能预知未来之事），圣公嘴（指有功能的人说的话能把事定住），还有冤业（冤孽），“道”（道行）”，等等。

5、潮汕人祖先远离烽烟战火的中原来到安定和平得多的潮汕地区，过上了较安稳的生活。而中原的战火基本上没有燃及这“世外桃源”，中原地区的一条变革也就与这一地区关系不大。在这地区居住的中原汉人，他们原来所过的生活习俗和所操用的话语也就大体保留下来。潮汕地区的“时年八节”（春节、元宵、清明、端午、中元、中秋、重阳、冬节）就是古代习俗的延续。同时，古汉语的许多特点也在潮汕话中表现出来。

6、潮汕话的确很难学，由此有些人说“潮汕话很土”，其实，“潮汕话是古，不是土”。潮汕话有八个声调，分别为阴平、阴上、阳去、阴入、阳平、阳上、阳去、阳入。读法如“分、粉、训、忽、云、混、份、佛”。（用潮话读出）这与古汉语的八音读法是一样的。而现代汉语却只有四个声调，所以，在掌握声调方面，更不用说让那些只有两声调的欧美人学潮汕话了。一句“潮汕话最难学”（用潮语）就让他们满头雾水，目瞪口呆即使练得舌头打结也难以正确说出！

7、潮汕话因具有古汉语的特点，特别是八声读法，拟有些用普通话读起来不押韵的古文，若用潮州话来读，会变得很押韵、琅琅上口！如《陌上桑》。

8、潮汕话保留古汉语八声读法的同时，也保留了大量的古词用法。如“目”、“新妇”，相当于现代汉语的“眼睛”、“媳妇”等。这些词在古汉语和潮汕话里大量使用。

9、潮汕话中至今仍保留着大量单音节的古词，其中一些常用的古词是现代汉语少用或不用的。如潮语中说“索”不说“绳”，说“齿”不说“牙”，说“铰”不说“剪”，说“箸”不说“筷子”说“食酒”不说“饮酒”等等。

文章来源：https://read01.com/Jg8Kx5.html

潮汕话

《为什么潮汕话排名中国十大难懂方言第一位？》


潮汕话，属汉语方言八大语系之一的闽南语系，但它比闽南更特别。它的词汇丰富，幽默生动，富有极强的表现力，并保存着很多古汉语的成份，被人称为“福佬语”或“学老语”（意为一辈子都学不会的语言）。


潮汕话是全国八大方言区中闽南方言的次方言，潮州人的方言，也是现今全国最古远、最特殊的方言。据有关史料载，潮语初始于秦、汉时期，成型于唐、宋，到了明末清初，才形成自己独立的语言体系。主体是中原的古汉语，混杂问方言，音韵与现在的闽南话大体相同。
现在的潮州人与闽南人仍可用一些简单的生活方言交流。潮语的特点概括起来就是语法特殊、词汇丰富、音韵独特、古语义多等。如现代汉语是四声拼读，但潮语仍保留着八音拼读的语音系统；潮语中客人 叫人客，母鸡叫 鸡母，步行叫行路，铁锅叫鼎，瓶子叫樽等等；潮语中古汉语保留较完整，潮语一字多义，一个 “食”字，几乎包括了喝、吃、饮、吮、吸等所有的口腔饮食动作，如食（吸）烟、食（喝）酒、食（啃）蔗、食（饮）水等。


现在使用潮汕话的人数大概有3000多万，1000多万在粤东的潮州，汕头，揭阳三市。另外的就是分布在海外的1000多万的潮汕华侨。潮汕人占香港人口的六分之一，潮汕帮又是香港第一大黑帮，因此香港第二语言就是潮汕话，就是为什么我们经常能在香港电影听到有人用潮汕话骂人的。东南亚使用最广泛的方言就是潮汕话，潮汕人遍布全球，其中在新加坡就有70万，在泰国有500多万。所以潮汕话排名十大难懂方言第1位..


在潮汕。

有一种萝卜叫菜头。
有一种菠菜叫飞龙。
有一种土豆叫康同。
有一种菠萝叫风梨。
有一种粥叫糜。

 有一种萝卜干叫菜脯。
有一种瘦子叫K脯仔。
有一种年轻人叫后生仔。
有一种儿子叫孥仔。
有一种漂亮的女人叫雅姿娘。

 有一种可爱叫趣味。
有一种炫耀叫划扑。
有一种2B叫熬浪。
有一种茄子叫乐苏。
有一种女人叫扎亩。

 有一种疯子叫做小。
有一种水叫做醉。
有一种厉害叫做浪险。
有一种好厉害叫做过浪险。
有一种惊讶叫走胆。

 有一种白痴叫白仁。
有一种傻瓜叫砂帕。
有一种没办法叫无便。
有一种拉稀叫漏屎 。
有一种荔枝叫耐果。

 有一种龙眼叫肉嫒。
有一种单车叫脚车。
有一种奇怪叫怪浪。
有一种瞎子叫青夜。
有一种淤血叫乌青。

 有一种老师叫做啊姥。
有一种父亲叫老政府。


Source: https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=790155567762270&id=240245389419960

用漫画读懂潮汕人！

http://www.sohu.com/a/195404874_726987

用漫画读懂潮汕人！

关于潮汕人、

潮汕男人、潮汕女人、

潮汕话、拜老爷，

充满趣味性，值得一看！




http://www.sohu.com/a/195404874_726987

One floating cloud was hanging across the sky: 天上一条云

Everyone loves listening to story.  To me nursery rhymes, in a way is short story with rhymes and loved by kids.
As a Teo Chew, I listened to nursery rhymes 
sung by Grand parents, and enjoyed
the story embedded in it.
 
As nursery rhymes were recited to us when we are 
toddles, they were easily remembered.
It is possible for us to pass on some of them
to our the generations after if we make an effort.
 
Here is one of them in Teo Chew
which I still can recall:

=====天上一條雲One floating cloud was hanging across the sky=====

天上一條雲

One floating cloud was hanging across the sky

地下二隻船

Two boats were sailing side by side

一隻載鹦哥

One is carrying parrots

一隻載葡萄

The other is loaded with grapes

葡萄跤落水

Some grapes accidentally fell into the water

鹦哥跑去追

Parrots volunteered to rescue

追(不会) 起

However, they fail the task

投阿姊

And rushed to inform the elder sister

阿姊哭到面鸟鸟

The elder sister cried sadly and her face just turned black

投仙姑

Hence, they run to report to the fairy

仙姑没在厝

Unfortunately, the fairy was not in the heavenly lodge

投富富

In despair, they quickly informed the rich neighbourhoods

富富奶

The rich were all milk feeding

满家满厝生阿弟

And good news travel fast:

All the household and the families in the neighbourhood were celebrating the arrival of new baby BOYS!

=====

Here is the full text in Chinese without translation:

=====

天上一條雲

地下二隻船

一隻載鹦哥

一隻載葡萄

葡萄跤落水

鹦哥跑去追

追(不会) 起

投阿姊

阿姊哭到面鸟鸟

投仙姑

仙姑没在厝

投富富

富富奶

满家满厝生阿弟

=====

Here is my translation:

=====

One floating cloud was hanging across the sky

=====

Two boats were getting ready to set off

One is carrying parrots

The other is loaded with grapes

Some grapes accidentally fell into the water

Parrots volunteered to rescue

However, the efforts of the parrots were in vain

They quickly rush to inform the elder sister

The elder sister cried sadly and her face just turned black

Hence, they run to report to the fairy

Unfortunately, the fairy was not in the heavenly lodge

So they cast their hope onto the rich

The rich family were milking

All the household and all the families were announcing the joyful news and celebrating the arrival of new born baby BOYS!

Making Sense of Teochew Opera - origin, history & performance 160 years ago

Making Sense of Teochew Opera - origin, history & performance 160 years ago

"Posted by The Teochew Store 潮舖 on February 27, 2016"

 

"Teochew opera, or Teochew-hee 潮州戲 –  an amazing synthesis of drama, music, singing, poetics, acrobatics, colourful costumes and folk art, is the highest expression of the Teochew culture. And rightly so, after all it is a show for the deities."

For more details, visit
 

https://www.theteochewstore.org/blogs/latest/93814147-making-sense-of-teochew-opera-origin-history-performance-160-years-ago


You may read other interesting blogs via:

https://www.theteochewstore.org/blogs/latest

Conversational Teochew In A Month: Lesson 1

I would like to recommend this video for those who are interested in learning Teo Chew Dialet.

Only lesson 1 is available free from youtube.

Source of info: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WUqR2aQ2Cb0&list=PL1AUyanAKfWiA8YdpX9aqrmKF8zz_v5AP&index=2

"Conversational Teochew In A Month" is the ideal self-learning course for any English speaker who wish to speak Teochew competently beyond the customary greeting, " 汝食饱了未?" (have you eaten?").

 Adapted from the Chinese publication 《潮州话一月通》, originally edited by 林伦伦 and 朱永锴, it contains both written and audio materials. Using situations in daily life, it introduces commonly-used phrases and expressions through conversations presented in 20 lessons.

Each lesson also includes a supplementary vocabulary list. The lessons covered are:

1. Greetings; 2. Introductions; 3. Looking For A Job; 4. Chatting; 5. Relatives; 6. Numbers; 7. Being Guest; 8. Food; 9. Social Customs; 10. Asking For Direction; 11. Taking Public Transport; 12. Shopping; 13. Socialising; 14. At The Post Office; 15. At The Bank; 16. Travel; 17. Seeing The Doctor; 18. Screen Media; 19. Sports; and 20. Congratulatories.

"Conversational Teochew In A Month" is available in two different digital formats:
1. mp3 sound file + .srt subtitle (suitable for computer, Android tablet and smartphone use); and
2.Audiobook (.epub file) (suitable for iPad, iPhone, Android tablet and smartphone use)

For more information and to purchase, visit www.theteochewstore.org

Source of info: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WUqR2aQ2Cb0&list=PL1AUyanAKfWiA8YdpX9aqrmKF8zz_v5AP&index=2

 

十八梭船二十四舟

潮汕方言歌谣

十八梭船二十四舟

Being a Teo Chew, I enjoy listening to Teo Chew Song, hope you like the song I chanced into from youtube today:




Source of information:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xm2fBMCDs4c

清明潮州童谣

三字经-全文潮州话朗读

Teochew 8 tones

In Mandarin, we are used to pronounce Chinese words in only 4 tones. We are taught that way since early childhood days and having that reinforced in primary and secondary school education.

Hence, before I attended the course on "Teochew Dialect: the intermediate course" in 2008, I was not able to pronounce and distinguish the 8 tones in Teochew dialect accurately even though I am a Teochew by birth and speak Teochew at home most of the time during my childhood and adolescence years.

=====

Most of my classmates were like me.  We are so used to the 4 tones intonation in our daily practice in Mandarin. We had never imaged that Chinese words can be pronounced in any other ways except the 4 tones!

Anything challenging the 4 tones, was just not acceptable ...

The four tones rhythm or rhyming method in Mandarin is very much like a "printed" mode set in our mind since our childhood days. It is like a fixed framework preset in our brain and it is our way of "reasoning" or interpretation in anything related to pronunciation within the Chinese Characters world.

It is rather hard to unlearn something so rooted in our brain and a habit we cultivated since early age.

If I have to keep the 4 tones learning in Mandarin which is a necessity, I cannot unlearn it. It is nothing wrong in using 4 tones intonation in our pronunciation in Mandarin.  I just have to convince myself that what I know is not the only way of pronunciation words in Chinese.

I just have to learn the 8 tones in Teochew pronunciation parallel to it...

It is very much like accepting a neighbour sharing a common wall with you, after you are used to the ideas of stayed in a bungalow and own the four walls over decades.

How shocking would that be, if you suddenly discovered that your are actually living in a  semi-detached house, or a unit in a row of terrace housing estate, with neighbour(s) so close to you and may hear their TV programmes or conversation occasionally!

Since I cannot unlearn the 4 tones in Mandarin, I have to be able to push that aside when I need to add new ways of pronouncing words in 8 tones if I want to refine or perfect my Teochew learning.

I am so called  "100% pure Teochew", the way our parents told us.

Both my Dad and Mum were from two of the "Eight district in Teo Chew" (ie., 潮州八邑 Chao Zhou Ba Yi ), which make me take for granted that nothing in Teochew could be an alien task for me!)

Even though I am a second generation Singapore born Teochew, with both parents and grandmum at home speaking dialect all the time, I find myself an average or poor learner in class.

After attending and completed the course at  Chao Zhou Ba Yi Hui Guan (潮州八邑会馆) , I managed to distinguish the 8 tones with some struggle and many hours of hard works.

Well, if you read on and see the details of the 8 tones pronunciation, you may understand what I mean.

=====

Here is some examples of Teochew 8 tones:


潮州话声调 Teochew 8 tones

低抵帝滴 di1 di2 di3 dih4
池弟地碟 di5 di6 di7 dih8

分粉奋忽 hung1 hung2 hung3 hug4
云混份佛 hung5 hung6 hung7 hug8

=====

If you like to learn how to pronounce Teochew accurately, you may look it up using:

潮州话字典 Teochew dictionary
http://www.mogher.com/

=====

If you like to understand more about Teochew language & culture, explore the following links:

Gaginang

潮语演习网
潮州茶话
Chaoshan Dialect Classification
Teochew Dialect
潮州广播电视台
潮州文化网

=====

For Teochew local websites, visit:

潮州旅游之窗论坛
潮州超级民声社区
潮州人
潮州CC网
网海潮音网络电台
小桥流水
潮州吧
潮州资讯网
彩塘论坛
潮汕风情网
潮州便民网
潮州分类信息网

潮州话的电视台 Teochew Language TV
http://www.czbtv.com/

国际在线-华语广播-潮州话
http://gb.cri.cn/chinese_ra...

=====

Sources of information:

http://www.youtube.com/user/chapsroc

http://www.mogher.com/

=====

This article was originally published on 22 March 2009. 2nd revision is on 15 Feb 2015.

=====

Hope you find my "struggle" in my learning journey interesting!

Keep learning, and your journey may have a different story, more interest, more inspiring and more rewarding!

Cheers!

=====

Written and re-compiled by

Dexterine Ho Soo Miang
8.35 pm, 15 Feb 2015, Singapore