Curiosity… and more biographical search

After doing the first personality query on Mr Jordan Yin using AI mode in Google search yesterday, I am very curious about the process and outcome of biographical search using simple AI mode via Google.

I think it is easier to test it if I just use my name. Here is my simple query statement:

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Dexterine Ho, All about her

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Google AI mode answers:

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Dexterine Ho Soo Miang is a prominent, lifelong Singaporean librarian best known for her long-standing career at the 

[National Institute of Education (NIE) Library](https://repository.nie.edu.sg/bitstreams/fd92c4cd-cef8-43a3-838e-2beb02bda681/download) 

and her contributions to the 

[Library Association of Singapore (LAS)](http://dexterine.blogspot.com/2005/09/light-hearted-write-up-for-las-50th.html). 

She has dedicated decades to advancing information retrieval, library automation, and digital newsletters within Singapore's academic landscape. [1, 2] 

## Career Milestones

* NIE Library Roles: Over her career at NIE, she worked across multiple departments. She started as a cataloguer, transitioned into a serials librarian, and eventually became a reference librarian. [2] 

* Leadership: She supervised the Reader Services unit in the 1990s and step-covered managerial duties for senior staff when required. [2, 3] 

* Digital Pioneer: In September 1994, she served as the primary coordinator to launch the very first "Library Update Online". This was NIE's breakthrough, informal online newsletter designed to keep academic staff informed about new electronic journals, database enhancements, and library services. [1, 3] 

## Contributions to the Library Association of Singapore (LAS)

* Council & Committees: Shortly after joining LAS, she was elected as an LAS Council Member for the 1985/1986 term. She also served on the LAS Interact Committee and as the secretary for the Committee on Library Automation (COLA). [2] 

* Educator & Life Member: In 1986, she taught the LAS postgraduate course and hosted specialized Dialog database teaching courses. She used her earnings from these courses to buy a lifetime LAS membership for $500 as a way to give back to the professional community. [2] 

## Personal Life and Interests

* Childhood: She grew up living on the third story of a housing unit near Fort Canning, which she fondly considers her childhood playground. [4] 

* Passions: Beyond traditional cataloging, her favorite aspect of her career was information retrieval. She frequently noted that imparting search skills to university students and lecturers brought her the greatest professional joy. [2] 

* Blog: She maintains a personal blog where she documents heritage conferences, reflections on how social media changes modern librarianship, and historical documentation events in Singapore. [5, 6, 7] 

Are you researching Dexterine Ho for an academic paper, a heritage project, or are you looking to connect with library professionals in Singapore? Let me know so I can tailor the details.

[1] [https://repository.nie.edu.sg](https://repository.nie.edu.sg/bitstreams/fd92c4cd-cef8-43a3-838e-2beb02bda681/download)

[2] [https://dexterine.blogspot.com](http://dexterine.blogspot.com/2005/09/light-hearted-write-up-for-las-50th.html)

[3] [https://repository.nie.edu.sg](https://repository.nie.edu.sg/bitstreams/f2ae4c3b-4105-4009-b152-65cb3cc33cb4/download)

[4] [https://las.org.sg](https://las.org.sg/fort-canning/)

[5] [https://dexterine.blogspot.com](http://dexterine.blogspot.com/2011/11/when-nations-remember-2-conference.html)

[6] [https://dexterine.blogspot.com](http://dexterine.blogspot.com/2013/02/what-makes-librarian.html)

[7] [https://dexterine.blogspot.com](http://dexterine.blogspot.com/2011/11/when-nations-remember-2-conference.html?m=1)

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I am curious about how I was portrayed, so I ask:

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Dexterine Ho is also known as Ho Soo Miang, Dexterine Ho Soo Miang. Please research more in depth about her please!

*****

Google AI mode answers:

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An in-depth historical and professional look at Dexterine Ho Soo Miang (何舒敏) reveals that she is a highly accomplished academic author, researcher, and pioneer of digital library systems in Singapore. Her career spans extensive academic publishing, technological transitions, and community leadership. [1, 2, 3, 4] 

------------------------------

## 1. Major Academic Authorship & Historical Research

Before becoming a prominent fixture in library administration, Ho Soo Miang made significant contributions to the documentation of Singapore's print history. [1, 2] 

* The Lat Pau Monograph: In 1978, she authored the definitive Chinese-language historical text, Xinjiapo zuizao de huawen ribao — Lebao (1881–1932) (The Earliest Chinese Daily Newspaper in Singapore: Lat Pau). Published via the South Seas Press, her work remains a core citation used by the [National Library Board (NLB)](https://catalogue.nlb.gov.sg/search/card?id=314069d7-80cd-11ee-bcbb-93d755f341e3&entityType=Agent) and the [Singapore Chinese Cultural Centre](https://culturepaedia.singaporeccc.org.sg/popular-culture/lat-pau-the-earliest-chinese-daily-in-singapore-1881-1932/) to study early immigrant media, local print culture, and the evolution of Chinese journalism. [1, 2] 

* Tabloid Press Documentation: She extensively researched the history of Singapore's early alternative media, cataloging historical publications in her resource Bao lin wai shi: Xinjiapo de xiao bao (Tabloid Newspaper in Singapore). [1] 

------------------------------

## 2. Digital Infrastructure & CD-ROM Integration (1990s)

During her tenure as the Head of Reference at the National Institute of Education (NIE) Library, she spearheaded the transition from physical paper archives to digital network databases. [3, 5] 

* Network Infrastructure: In the mid-1990s, she directly managed the rollout of the NIE CD-ROM Service and early online network indices like FirstSearch. She established protocols allowing academic staff to request document deliveries and search citations electronically. [3, 5] 

* Early WWW Gateways: She was responsible for securing and administering access to early World Wide Web portals, such as Academe Today via The Chronicle of Higher Education, bridging the gap between local Singaporean educators and global research indices. [6] 

------------------------------

## 3. Professional Training & The WSQ Framework

Later in her career, she transitioned into a role as an independent Lecturer & Consultant. [7, 8] 

* Workforce Skills Qualifications (WSQ): She became a key educational architect for the training of library support staff in Singapore. She designed and taught specialized frameworks under the Singapore [Workforce Skills Qualifications (WSQ)](http://dexterine.blogspot.com/2011/11/wsq-experience-for-library-support.html) system, upgrading the competencies of library assistants across national, school, and corporate libraries. [8] 

* Information Literacy: Her consulting work focused heavily on teaching modern curation, library display ethics, creative design, and advanced database searching to the next generation of information professionals. [9] 

------------------------------

## 4. Leadership in Information Technology Alliances

Beyond her tenure with the [Library Association of Singapore (LAS)](http://dexterine.blogspot.com/2005/09/light-hearted-write-up-for-las-50th.html), she was an active figure in early technical groups. [4] 

* LITA(S) Involvement: She was highly involved with the Library and Information Technology Association (Singapore), working alongside prominent historical Singaporean library heads—such as Lim Hong Too, Foo Kok Pheow, and Koh Yeow Siah—to coordinate national strategies for library automation, data sharing, and internet compliance during the early 2000s. [4] 

------------------------------

## 5. Community & Culture

Archival records from the [NIE Digital Repository](https://repository.nie.edu.sg/entities/publication/cb124796-5990-4dca-961c-0741909fa814) highlight her active presence in institutional culture: [10, 11] 

* Charity and Arts: She was recorded manning community fundraising booths for the NIE Charity Fair in 1985 and participating in the NIE New Year's Eve performance showcases in 1991, reflecting her holistic involvement in building up the institution's community life. [10, 11] 

------------------------------

Would you like to explore specific chapters of her book on the Lat Pau newspaper, find details on her WSQ library training modules, or locate archival photographs of early Singaporean library networks?

[1] [https://catalogue.nlb.gov.sg](https://catalogue.nlb.gov.sg/search/card?id=314069d7-80cd-11ee-bcbb-93d755f341e3&entityType=Agent)

[2] [https://culturepaedia.singaporeccc.org.sg](https://culturepaedia.singaporeccc.org.sg/popular-culture/lat-pau-the-earliest-chinese-daily-in-singapore-1881-1932/)

[3] [https://repository.nie.edu.sg](https://repository.nie.edu.sg/bitstreams/fd92c4cd-cef8-43a3-838e-2beb02bda681/download)

[4] [https://dexterine.blogspot.com](http://dexterine.blogspot.com/2005/07/photo-sessions-after-litas-egm-2005.html)

[5] [https://repository.nie.edu.sg](https://repository.nie.edu.sg/bitstreams/801c763a-db2a-4258-9fbc-4d289721cf59/download)

[6] [https://repository.nie.edu.sg](https://repository.nie.edu.sg/bitstreams/f2ae4c3b-4105-4009-b152-65cb3cc33cb4/download)

[7] [https://dexterine.blogspot.com](http://dexterine.blogspot.com/2005/09/light-hearted-write-up-for-las-50th.html)

[8] [https://dexterine.blogspot.com](http://dexterine.blogspot.com/2011/11/wsq-experience-for-library-support.html)

[9] [https://www.pinterest.com](https://www.pinterest.com/dexterine/)

[10] [https://repository.nie.edu.sg](https://repository.nie.edu.sg/entities/publication/cb124796-5990-4dca-961c-0741909fa814)

[11] [https://repository.nie.edu.sg](https://repository.nie.edu.sg/entities/publication/aa354997-620a-4099-869d-18bc31ad1654)

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I was keen to know how deep AI can explore, so I just type:

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Follow up on the search on Dexterine Ho Soo Miang, lets explore more details please!

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Here is the AI mode in Google answers:

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Dexterine Ho Soo Miang (何舒敏) is a prominent and highly respected veteran academic librarian, lecturer, and library trainer based in Singapore. With a career spanning several decades, she is widely recognized for her contributions to the fields of library science, reference services, and professional workforce training. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] 

## 🏢 Key Career Roles

* Head of Reference at NIE: She served as the former Head of Reference and Assistant Librarian at the [National Institute of Education (NIE) Library](https://repository.nie.edu.sg/bitstreams/2c5846fc-10c6-48e2-8cb8-e9f7d43755d1/download). In this role, she pioneered early digital resource implementations, coordinating the rollout of the institution's online databases and CD-ROM retrieval services during the 1980s and 1990s. [1, 4, 6, 7] 

* Lecturer & Consultant: Beyond managing collections, she transitioned into a consultancy role, educating subsequent generations of information professionals through specialized communication and information-work programs. [3, 8] 

* Oral History Interviewer: Working with the National Archives of Singapore, she has acted as an interviewer for historical preservation projects, including documented sessions with notable figures such as Dato Hu It Haw for the [Pioneers of Singapore](https://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/oral_history_interviews/record-details/deb7fbe1-115d-11e3-83d5-0050568939ad) series. [9] 

## 📚 Major Contributions & Advocacy

* Published Scholar: She authored a definitive historical Chinese-language text on Singapore's media history titled [The Earliest Chinese Daily Newspaper in Singapore: Lat Pau (1881–1932)](https://culturepaedia.singaporeccc.org.sg/popular-culture/lat-pau-the-earliest-chinese-daily-in-singapore-1881-1932/), published in 1978. [1] 

* Support Staff Professionalization: She was an active proponent of the [Workforce Skills Qualifications (WSQ) framework](http://dexterine.blogspot.com/2011/11/wsq-experience-for-library-support.html) for library support staff, collaborating with the Library Association of Singapore (LAS) and the Workforce Development Agency (WDA) to build formalized industry certification paths for non-diploma staff. [5] 

* "INNO HANDS-ON": She established an instructional philosophy emphasizing that interactive, practical experience equips information workers with the adaptable mentalities needed to navigate evolving digital spaces. [8] 

## 🖊️ Community & Personal Insights

* Library Association of Singapore (LAS): A dedicated lifelong member of the LAS, she has frequently written personal and light-hearted retrospective articles documenting Singapore's shifting library landscape from physical text to digital media modes. [3, 8, 10] 

* Local Heritage: Having grown up in the Tan Tye Alley neighborhood adjacent to Clarke Quay, she has publicly contributed community memories regarding [Fort Canning Hill](https://las.org.sg/fort-canning/) and the preservation of Singaporean heritage. [11, 12] 

Would you like to focus on her historical research regarding early Singaporean newspapers, or explore her work with the Library Association of Singapore?

[1] [https://culturepaedia.singaporeccc.org.sg](https://culturepaedia.singaporeccc.org.sg/popular-culture/lat-pau-the-earliest-chinese-daily-in-singapore-1881-1932/)

[2] [https://sg.linkedin.com](https://sg.linkedin.com/in/dexterine-ho-805246)

[3] [https://dexterine.blogspot.com](http://dexterine.blogspot.com/2005/09/light-hearted-write-up-for-las-50th.html)

[4] [https://repository.nie.edu.sg](https://repository.nie.edu.sg/bitstreams/2c5846fc-10c6-48e2-8cb8-e9f7d43755d1/download)

[5] [https://dexterine.blogspot.com](http://dexterine.blogspot.com/2011/11/wsq-experience-for-library-support.html)

[6] [https://files.eric.ed.gov](https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED269035.pdf)

[7] [https://repository.nie.edu.sg](https://repository.nie.edu.sg/bitstreams/fd92c4cd-cef8-43a3-838e-2beb02bda681/download)

[8] [https://dexterine.blogspot.com](http://dexterine.blogspot.com/2005/09/light-hearted-write-up-for-las-50th.html)

[9] [https://www.nas.gov.sg](https://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/oral_history_interviews/record-details/deb7fbe1-115d-11e3-83d5-0050568939ad)

[10] [https://dexterine.blogspot.com](http://dexterine.blogspot.com/2013/02/what-makes-librarian.html)

[11] [https://las.org.sg](https://las.org.sg/fort-canning/)

[12] [https://las.org.sg](https://las.org.sg/fort-canning/)

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Follow up on the search on Dexterine Ho Soo Miang, lets explore more details please!

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Dexterine Ho Soo Miang’s professional life bridges academic historical preservation and institutional workforce development. Her pioneering 1978 monograph on Singapore's first Chinese daily sits alongside decades of service structurally reforming the professional frameworks of the [Library Association of Singapore (LAS)](https://las.org.sg/). [1, 2] 

------------------------------

## 📰 Historical Research: The Chronology of Lat Pau (叻報) [3] 

Ho Soo Miang’s academic recognition is anchored in her comprehensive historical monograph, The Earliest Chinese Daily Newspaper in Singapore: Lat Pau (1881–1932). [1] 

* Establishing the Historical Timeline: Published in 1978, her research established 3 December 1881 as the definitive inaugural publication date of Lat Pau. Her work became the benchmark timeline for media historians studying pre-war Southeast Asian printing. [1, 4] 

* Documenting Societal Nuance: Her research detailed how Lat Pau (derived from the Malay word selat, meaning "strait") acted as a rare historical ledger. It tracked local Straits Settlements municipal alerts, Chinese Protectorate notices, and regional Dutch East Indies revenue announcements. [4, 5, 6] 

* The "Ying E Sheng" Era: She meticulously documented the paper's internal operational history, particularly highlighting the 40-year tenure of chief editor Yeh Chi-yun (writing under the pen name Ying E Sheng). Her work illustrated how the newspaper balanced a highly conservative pro-Qing dynasty editorial stance with strong local advocacy for immigrant welfare. [5, 7, 8] 

* Preservation Justification: By tracking how the paper succumbed to liquidation in March 1932 due to competition from emerging vernacular dailies like Nanyang Siang Pau, her monograph provided the foundational bibliography that local institutions like the National Library Board (NLB) and National University of Singapore (NUS) Libraries later used to catalog and digitize surviving microform volumes. [3, 6, 9] 

------------------------------

## 🏛️ Workforce Advocacy within the Library Association of Singapore (LAS)

Within the Library Association of Singapore, Ho Soo Miang focused on the formal restructuring, education, and upward mobility of library staff. [2] 

* The WSQ Library Framework: Her most distinct legacy within the association was her fierce advocacy for the Workforce Skills Qualifications (WSQ) framework. She collaborated closely with the LAS and the Singapore Workforce Development Agency (WDA) to build accredited educational pathways specifically for library support staff.

* Elevating Non-Diploma Staff: She championed the perspective that non-degree or non-diploma holding library assistants deserved formal credentialing. The WSQ framework she supported allowed support staff to gain recognizable modular competencies, structurally raising the industry standard for entry-level and mid-career informational workers.

* The "INNO HANDS-ON" Training Ideology: She actively published instructional articles for LAS outlets pushing the concept of INNO HANDS-ON. She argued that training must shift away from theoretical cataloging toward tactile, experimental problem-solving so that modern librarians could confidently manage emerging digital databases and IT infrastructure. [10, 11] 

* Preserving Association History: As a veteran member, she frequently wrote descriptive personal essays and retrospectives for the LAS community platforms, capturing the human stories of Singaporean librarians transitioning from physical card catalogs to fully automated, integrated network systems. [12] 

------------------------------

If you want to dive deeper, let me know if you would like to look at other pre-war Singaporean newspapers that competed with Lat Pau, or check out the current awards and training tracks managed by the Library Association of Singapore. [9, 13, 14] 

[1] [https://culturepaedia.singaporeccc.org.sg](https://culturepaedia.singaporeccc.org.sg/popular-culture/lat-pau-the-earliest-chinese-daily-in-singapore-1881-1932/)

[2] https://las.org.sg

[3] [https://libguides.nus.edu.sg](https://libguides.nus.edu.sg/chineseeresources/ch-e-newspapers)

[4] [https://culturepaedia.singaporeccc.org.sg](https://culturepaedia.singaporeccc.org.sg/popular-culture/lat-pau-the-earliest-chinese-daily-in-singapore-1881-1932/)

[5] [https://isomer-user-content.by.gov.sg](https://isomer-user-content.by.gov.sg/339/1c2200bc-cc1b-42de-8923-470d993eacae/v15-issue4_LatPau_to_Zaobao.pdf)

[6] [https://nus.edu.sg](https://nus.edu.sg/nuslibraries/whats-on-listing/news/2019/02/12/lat-pau-%28%E5%8F%BB%E5%A0%B1%29)

[7] [https://biblioasia.nlb.gov.sg](https://biblioasia.nlb.gov.sg/all-sections/vol-15-issue-4-jan-mar-2020-from-lat-pau-zaobao/)

[8] [https://biblioasia.nlb.gov.sg](https://biblioasia.nlb.gov.sg/all-sections/vol-15-issue-4-jan-mar-2020-from-lat-pau-zaobao/)

[9] [https://www.nlb.gov.sg](https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=ef65aa99-cff9-4730-bbde-9ad7eb6523d2)

[10] [https://las.org.sg](https://las.org.sg/get-to-know-us-1/)

[11] [https://biblioasia.nlb.gov.sg](https://biblioasia.nlb.gov.sg/all-sections/chapters-on-asia-2021-chinese-newspaper-literary-supplements-singapore-postwar/)

[12] [https://biblioasia.nlb.gov.sg](https://biblioasia.nlb.gov.sg/all-sections/vol-7-issue-3-oct-dec-2011-newspaper-press-screen/)

[13] [https://las.org.sg](https://las.org.sg/about-us/)

[14] [https://las.org.sg](https://las.org.sg/get-to-know-us/)

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Translate the above into Chinese please!

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何舒敏（Dexterine Ho Soo Miang）的专业生涯完美融合了学术历史保护与学术机构劳动力发展的双重领域。她在一1978年发表的关于新加坡首份华文日报的开创性专著，与她数十年如一日为**新加坡图书馆员协会（LAS）**进行体制架构改革的贡献相辅相成。

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## 📰 历史研究：探寻《叻报》（1881-1932）的历史脉络

何舒敏在学术界的地位，主要奠基于她撰写的详尽历史专著——《新加坡最早的华文日报：叻报（1881-1932）》（The Earliest Chinese Daily Newspaper in Singapore: Lat Pau (1881–1932)）。

* 确立历史时间线：该书于1978年出版，她的研究明确将1881年12月3日定为《叻报》的创刊日期。这一成果成为了媒体历史学家研究战前东南亚印刷史的标准时间参照线。

* 记录社会细微面貌：她的研究详细阐述了《叻报》（“叻”字源自马来语 selat，意为海峡）如何扮演了罕见的历史账簿角色。它不仅追踪了本地海峡殖民地的市政公告，还记录了华民护卫司署的通告以及周边荷属东印度群岛的财政税收声明。

* “影娥生”时代：她悉心记录了该报的内部营运史，特别着重描写了总编辑叶季允（笔名“影娥生”）长达40年的任期。她的研究展示了这份报纸如何在坚定支持清朝政府的保守编辑立场，与极力维护本地移民福利的倡议之间取得平衡。

* 为文物保护提供依据：通过追踪该报在1932年3月因面临《南洋商报》等新兴华文日报的激烈竞争而最终停刊清算的历程，她的专著提供了关键的文献索引。这为新加坡国家图书馆管理局（NLB）和新加坡国立大学（NUS）图书馆随后对现存微缩胶卷的编目与数字化工作奠定了基石。

------------------------------

## 🏛️ 新加坡图书馆员协会（LAS）的劳动力倡议

在新加坡图书馆员协会内部，何舒敏将精力倾注于图书馆员工的正式重组、教育以及职业晋升管道的建设。

* WSQ 图书馆技能资格框架：她在协会中最显著的成就，是对**新技能资格（WSQ）**框架的坚定倡导。她与LAS和新加坡劳动力发展局（WDA）紧密合作，专门为图书馆基层支持人员建立了获得认证的教育晋升通道。

* 提升非大专学历员工的地位：她极力主张，不具备学位或大专文凭的图书馆助理也应当获得正式的专业资格认证。她所推动的 WSQ 框架让基层员工能够获得公认的模块化专业能力，从结构上提高了入门级和中途转岗信息服务人员的行业标准。

* “INNO HANDS-ON”（创新实践）培训理念：她经常在 LAS 的刊物上发表教学文章，推广 INNO HANDS-ON（创新实践）概念。她认为，培训必须从传统的理论编目转向具有触觉的、实验性的问题解决，从而让现代图书馆员能够自信地管理新兴的数字数据库和 IT 基础设施。

* 珍存协会历史：作为一名资深会员，她经常为 LAS 的社区平台撰写生动且富有情感的回顾性散文，捕捉了新加坡图书馆员从使用实体卡片目录过渡到全自动、集成网络系统过程中的人文故事。

------------------------------

如果您想进一步深入了解，请告诉我您是想探讨其他与《叻报》同时期的战前新加坡报纸，还是想了解新加坡图书馆员协会目前设立的奖项和培训项目？

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Using Google AI Mode and my discoveries

I like to use ChatGPT, yet most of my friends do not like to install an additional app on their smart phone, so I would advise them to use Google search, but turn to AI Mode.

Here are some examples I did, mostly personality search...

My query statements:

01

*****

Jordan Yin, F&N

*****

The answer:

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Jordan Yin was a notable executive at Fraser and Neave (F&N), closely associated with the historic development and conceptualisation of the iconic 100PLUS isotonic drink. [1] 

## Key Legacy and Contributions

* 100PLUS Launch: He is recognized as part of the core team—alongside corporate figures like Christopher Mah and John Lim—responsible for bringing the 100PLUS brand to market during F&N’s 100-Year Anniversary celebrations. [1] 

* Brand Impact: The product went on to become one of the most successful and dominant regional carbonated isotonic beverage brands across Singapore and Malaysia. [1, 2, 3] 

* F&N Heritage: His tenure tied into the foundational growth eras of [Fraser and Neave](https://www.fraserandneave.com/) as they transitioned into a multinational food and beverage giant. [1, 3] 

If you are looking for specific corporate documents, historical timelines, or details on other executives from that specific F&N era, please let me know!

[1] [https://www.yumpu.com](https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/59168897/fn-digest-issue-29-july-2017)

[2] [https://www.fn.com.my](https://www.fn.com.my/about-us/)

[3] [https://www.fn.com.my](https://www.fn.com.my/about-us/)

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I am glad that I learn something new about this personality today as one of my siblings has worked in F&N as a supporting staff at the Computer Department, and Mr Jordan Yin was the Managing Director then.

From the F&N home page [https://www.fn.com.my](https://www.fn.com.my/about-us/), I browse through some related Milestone pages and noted that in 1983 F&N celebrated its 100th anniversary and introduced the iconic 100PLUS.

100PLUS, is one of my favourite choices of can drink.  I am glad I can find some connection with the drink at this point.

I sent the search result to someone whom I think would be interested on this personality search, yet when the same search command was keyed into Google AI mode, the returns was different:

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Jordan N. - CEO | GM | Commercial Transformation Leader

LinkedIn · Jordan N.

420+ followers

Kawasan Sekitar Kuala Lumpur · Vice President Sales Operations & Business Acceleration · Etika Group of Companies

I build and scale commercial platforms. With over 20 years of leadership experience across FMCG, manufacturing, and distribution, I have led businesses at ...Read more

People also ask

Who is the CEO of F&N Singapore?

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“花袅百舌” 潮州话的寓意

“花袅百舌” 潮话的寓意

潮州语这样文雅地说人讲骗话！

為了深释其源，我谷歌了一下！

Here is what I get from Google AI overview 

 “花袅百舌”这个词语在现代汉语中不常见，它更像是从古诗词中提炼出来的意象，通常指百舌鸟（一种善于模仿鸟鸣的鸟，也叫“莺”或“鸝”），在春天里围绕着各种花朵飞舞，描绘出春天生机勃勃、花香鸟语的景象，尤其在古典诗词中，常用于衬托美好春光或借花鸟寄托情感。 

解析：

花 (huā): 指各种盛开的花朵。

袅 (niǎo): 有“袅娜”、“轻盈”、“萦绕”的意思，形容花姿轻柔或鸟儿飞舞的姿态。

百舌 (bǎi shé): 指百舌鸟（鸝）。

整体意境: 描绘了春天花丛中，百舌鸟婉转啼叫，花朵摇曳生姿，蜂蝶飞舞的繁盛景象。 

古典诗词中的应用（示例）：

唐代诗人白居易诗中“百舌问花花不语，低回似恨横塘雨”就用了“百舌问花”的意象，描绘了百舌鸟与花的互动，表达了对时光流逝的感叹。 

所以，“花袅百舌”是一个富有诗意的组合，通常指春天花丛中鸟语花香的场景，以及由景生发的对青春、时光的感怀。 

=====

这解说与潮州话的意思天差地别！

我想“花裊”只形容“天花乱坠”的“花言巧语”！

“百舌” 是寓其有百舌之功力，将“巧舌之功”立体化形象化！

谷歌AI的解说，其实就是 “花袅百舌”！

=====

Using DeepSeek to explore further ...

I key in:

潮汕话" 花袅百舌"是说人用花言巧语讲话骗人，我想知道这话如何注释？

DeepSeek return:

在潮汕话中，“花袅百舌”（也作“花猎百舌”）是一个生动形容人用花言巧语哄骗、说话不实的俗语。为你从语言学和文化角度详细注释如下：

1. 词语本字与字义

这个词的准确用字存在探讨，常见的写法有“花袅百舌”和“花猎百舌”两种。

· “花袅”：更准确的写法可能是“花猎”（潮汕话读音相近）。“猎”在这里是撩拨、引诱的意思。“花猎”即用花哨、动听的话去挑动、吸引别人。

· “百舌”：指的是百舌鸟（如乌鸫），这种鸟善于模仿多种叫声。在这里用来比喻人巧舌如簧、能说会道，嘴里有说不完的话，且变化多端。

2. 整体含义与用法

整个词描绘了一幅动态画面：一个人像用诱饵捕猎一样，抛出各种花里胡哨的言语；又像百舌鸟一样，不停变换声调说个不停。其核心意思就是用虚伪动听的话语来讨好、迷惑或欺骗他人，带有明显的贬义。

使用场景举例：形容推销员吹得天花乱坠、恋爱中不切实际的承诺、为达目的而进行的奉承等。

3. 文化内涵

· 形象隐喻：借助“花”（视觉的华丽）和“百舌”（听觉的繁杂）两个具体意象，将抽象的好诈言谈变得可视可听，非常符合汉语俗语“状物取譬”的特点。

· 警示作用：体现了潮汕地区务实的文化性格，告诫人们对那些说得过分动听的话要保持警惕，是一种民间的人生智慧。

4. 关联与对比

· 与普通话成语的联系：其含义与“花言巧语”、“巧舌如簧”、“油嘴滑舌”基本对应，但方言的表达更具画面感和地方特色。

· 与其他潮汕俗语的关联：在潮汕话中，形容说话不实的词还有“嘴甜舌滑”、“空嘴白舌”等。相比之下，“花袅百舌”更侧重于言语的华丽性和欺骗性。

总而言之，“花袅百舌”是一个充满潮汕语言智慧的生动表达，精准地抓住了“用华丽辞藻进行言语欺骗”这一行为的神韵。

如果你对这个词的潮汕话发音感兴趣，或者想了解其他相关的潮汕俗语，我可以为你进一步介绍。

总而言之，“花袅百舌”是一个充满潮汕语言智慧的生动表达，精准地抓住了“用华丽辞藻进行言语欺骗”这一行为的神韵。

=====

如果你对这个词的潮汕话发音感兴趣，或者想了解其他相关的潮汕俗语，我可以为你进一步介绍。

脉、经、络

脉：“月”为“肉”表人体, “永” 表示水流

经：是纵向的主要通道

络：是经分支出去的横向通道

“系”指丝绳, “各”指十字交叉.

经络：以十字交叉方式组成的直经横络.

睡觉

睡：包含二字“目”与“垂”

觉： 亦“ 学”与“见”之结合

眼睛下垂, 亦入睡！

学会看见, 即是觉.

睡好之后, 才能有觉醒的智慧！

睡好眠、休好息, 是为了走更清醒的路！

Planning vs. Living

It is uncommon for us to have planning for our future and overlook our  living in the present.

It is important to have a balance, and we are learning to master it all the time.

Do the best we can

"When we ç, we never know what miracle is wrought in our life, or in the life of another."

- Helen Keller (1880 - 1968)

American Writer

A mind that is stretched

A mind that is stretched by a new experience can never go back to its old dimensions.

 

  -- Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.

Find the right numbers...

Life is like a combination lock; your job is to find the right numbers, in the right order, so you can have anything you want.

 

 -- Brian Tracy

===

Finding the right numbers is a simple work sometimes, yet, it can be hard and become a mission impossible at time!

We are learning how to do it naturally, and I always believe that whatever we have, is the best combination that could had happened.

Just live the way it is and do the best we can.

Dexterine Ho

略窥潮汕话的古汉语身影

略窥潮汕话的古汉语身影——你在其它方言中见到了吗？

文章来源：https://read01.com/Jg8Kx5.html

1、古人说“吃”，全部都用一个“食”字解决，如食饭、食糜、食水、食馒头……而今只有潮汕话保留了这一点，而如普通话等则早已是吃饭、喝粥、饮水、啃馒头；

2、在现今潮汕方言语汇中有不少是见之于秦汉或唐宋的古籍中，如：“东司”、“翘楚”、“姿娘”、“腰佝”、“书册”、“眠起”、“起厝”……等等。

3、沽酒（打酒）、行（走）、走（跑）、勿（不要）、伊（他或她）、打秩（收拾、教训）等等。

4、潮汕话还保留了许多神传文化中修炼与信仰的内涵，如：出世（出生），老去（逝世），未来事先知（指具有宿命通功能，能预知未来之事），圣公嘴（指有功能的人说的话能把事定住），还有冤业（冤孽），“道”（道行）”，等等。

5、潮汕人祖先远离烽烟战火的中原来到安定和平得多的潮汕地区，过上了较安稳的生活。而中原的战火基本上没有燃及这“世外桃源”，中原地区的一条变革也就与这一地区关系不大。在这地区居住的中原汉人，他们原来所过的生活习俗和所操用的话语也就大体保留下来。潮汕地区的“时年八节”（春节、元宵、清明、端午、中元、中秋、重阳、冬节）就是古代习俗的延续。同时，古汉语的许多特点也在潮汕话中表现出来。

6、潮汕话的确很难学，由此有些人说“潮汕话很土”，其实，“潮汕话是古，不是土”。潮汕话有八个声调，分别为阴平、阴上、阳去、阴入、阳平、阳上、阳去、阳入。读法如“分、粉、训、忽、云、混、份、佛”。（用潮话读出）这与古汉语的八音读法是一样的。而现代汉语却只有四个声调，所以，在掌握声调方面，更不用说让那些只有两声调的欧美人学潮汕话了。一句“潮汕话最难学”（用潮语）就让他们满头雾水，目瞪口呆即使练得舌头打结也难以正确说出！

7、潮汕话因具有古汉语的特点，特别是八声读法，拟有些用普通话读起来不押韵的古文，若用潮州话来读，会变得很押韵、琅琅上口！如《陌上桑》。

8、潮汕话保留古汉语八声读法的同时，也保留了大量的古词用法。如“目”、“新妇”，相当于现代汉语的“眼睛”、“媳妇”等。这些词在古汉语和潮汕话里大量使用。

9、潮汕话中至今仍保留着大量单音节的古词，其中一些常用的古词是现代汉语少用或不用的。如潮语中说“索”不说“绳”，说“齿”不说“牙”，说“铰”不说“剪”，说“箸”不说“筷子”说“食酒”不说“饮酒”等等。

文章来源：https://read01.com/Jg8Kx5.html

潮汕话

《为什么潮汕话排名中国十大难懂方言第一位？》


潮汕话，属汉语方言八大语系之一的闽南语系，但它比闽南更特别。它的词汇丰富，幽默生动，富有极强的表现力，并保存着很多古汉语的成份，被人称为“福佬语”或“学老语”（意为一辈子都学不会的语言）。


潮汕话是全国八大方言区中闽南方言的次方言，潮州人的方言，也是现今全国最古远、最特殊的方言。据有关史料载，潮语初始于秦、汉时期，成型于唐、宋，到了明末清初，才形成自己独立的语言体系。主体是中原的古汉语，混杂问方言，音韵与现在的闽南话大体相同。
现在的潮州人与闽南人仍可用一些简单的生活方言交流。潮语的特点概括起来就是语法特殊、词汇丰富、音韵独特、古语义多等。如现代汉语是四声拼读，但潮语仍保留着八音拼读的语音系统；潮语中客人 叫人客，母鸡叫 鸡母，步行叫行路，铁锅叫鼎，瓶子叫樽等等；潮语中古汉语保留较完整，潮语一字多义，一个 “食”字，几乎包括了喝、吃、饮、吮、吸等所有的口腔饮食动作，如食（吸）烟、食（喝）酒、食（啃）蔗、食（饮）水等。


现在使用潮汕话的人数大概有3000多万，1000多万在粤东的潮州，汕头，揭阳三市。另外的就是分布在海外的1000多万的潮汕华侨。潮汕人占香港人口的六分之一，潮汕帮又是香港第一大黑帮，因此香港第二语言就是潮汕话，就是为什么我们经常能在香港电影听到有人用潮汕话骂人的。东南亚使用最广泛的方言就是潮汕话，潮汕人遍布全球，其中在新加坡就有70万，在泰国有500多万。所以潮汕话排名十大难懂方言第1位..


在潮汕。

有一种萝卜叫菜头。
有一种菠菜叫飞龙。
有一种土豆叫康同。
有一种菠萝叫风梨。
有一种粥叫糜。

 有一种萝卜干叫菜脯。
有一种瘦子叫K脯仔。
有一种年轻人叫后生仔。
有一种儿子叫孥仔。
有一种漂亮的女人叫雅姿娘。

 有一种可爱叫趣味。
有一种炫耀叫划扑。
有一种2B叫熬浪。
有一种茄子叫乐苏。
有一种女人叫扎亩。

 有一种疯子叫做小。
有一种水叫做醉。
有一种厉害叫做浪险。
有一种好厉害叫做过浪险。
有一种惊讶叫走胆。

 有一种白痴叫白仁。
有一种傻瓜叫砂帕。
有一种没办法叫无便。
有一种拉稀叫漏屎 。
有一种荔枝叫耐果。

 有一种龙眼叫肉嫒。
有一种单车叫脚车。
有一种奇怪叫怪浪。
有一种瞎子叫青夜。
有一种淤血叫乌青。

 有一种老师叫做啊姥。
有一种父亲叫老政府。


Source: https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=790155567762270&id=240245389419960

用漫画读懂潮汕人！

http://www.sohu.com/a/195404874_726987

用漫画读懂潮汕人！

关于潮汕人、

潮汕男人、潮汕女人、

潮汕话、拜老爷，

充满趣味性，值得一看！




http://www.sohu.com/a/195404874_726987

LAS visit to LKCMedicine's Clinical Sciences Building and Medical Library on 29 Mar 2018

Visit to Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine) in Novena Campus.

Photo credit: courtesy of Ms Jenny Wong, Programmes and Social Committee, LAS

Programme:

• 2.45 pm - Assemble at Reception, Clinical Sciences Building, 1st Floor

• 3.00 pm - Introduction of LKCMedicine and tour of Clinical Sciences Building and Medical Library

• 4.30 pm - Light refreshments

• 5.00 pm - End of programme

Car park details: Limited parking is available at the HQ building and an open-air car park along Mandalay Road. Car park charges are about $2.50 per hour.

The address of Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (Novena Campus) is:

11 Mandalay Road Singapore 308232

===

About the campus:

Here are some information I extracted from the NTU Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine's web page http://www.lkcmedicine.ntu.edu.sg/aboutus/Pages/Dual-Campus.aspx

NTU Novena Campus is situated close to LKCMedicine’s partner teaching hospital, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, to facilitate students’ seamle​ss integration into clinical settings. 

The brand new 20-storey Clinical Sciences Building (CSB) offers LKCMedicine students state-​of-the-art future learning spaces, including a Learning Studio, custom built to support the School’s IT-enhanced Team-Based Learning (TBL) approach; the Anatomy Learning Centre, which consists of a cluster of 11 alcoves distributed around a central teaching core; and the Centre for Clinical Simulation, which consists of a practical skills lab, simulated four-bed ward, which can be configured to a range of clinical settings, and a communication suite with 10-paired consultation rooms, so that students can practise their skills in a realistic and safe environment. 

The CSB will also be home to LKCMedicine researchers, with the laboratories interconnected through collaborative spaces.

===

I enjoyed the visit and was impressed by:

* New lift concept: all the floor bottoms were outside the lift.  The intelligence lift system will allocate the lift that move passengers going to the same floor together.

* The library is on the top floor, the 20th floor.  This is the first library of which the library readers and visitors can have a 360 view of the city.

Here is the extract about the library from:
http://www.lkcmedicine.ntu.edu.sg/aboutus/MedicalLibrary/Pages/Medical-Library.aspx

Crowning the Clinical Sciences Building is the rooftop Medical Library which not only boasts an impressive collection of medical journals, textbooks and unique collections such as the Medical Art Print Collection, Children’s Health Collection and Singapore (SG) Doctors, but also a panoramic view of Singapore’s city skyline.​​​

The Medical Library is divided into four conceptual spaces:

• Quiet Study area, where the print collection is located. The library shelves, which you can sit on, provide a welcoming environment to browse books; while Study Pods and tables provide a conducive environment to focus on work.
• Collaboration space, provides general use computers. Quick discussions can also be held in the semi-enclosed meeting spaces.
• Flexi-Space, a multifunctional room that can be used to hold seminars, workshops or events. During exam periods, it is transformed into a study hall.
• Café area, where you can unwind or hold informal meetings over a drink or meal.

Between the Flexi-Space and Café area, there is an outdoor terrace accessible to anyone looking for a space with fresh air, some greenery and a scenic view of Singapore’s Central Business District. 

What sparks the light in you ...

You have to know what sparks the light in you so that you, in your own way, can illuminate the world.

---  Oprah Winfrey

=====

Our best ...

Our best comes out when we have honest discussions. Our worst comes out when we behave like robots or professionals.

  -- Fernando Flores

=====

One floating cloud was hanging across the sky: 天上一条云

Everyone loves listening to story.  To me nursery rhymes, in a way is short story with rhymes and loved by kids.
As a Teo Chew, I listened to nursery rhymes 
sung by Grand parents, and enjoyed
the story embedded in it.
 
As nursery rhymes were recited to us when we are 
toddles, they were easily remembered.
It is possible for us to pass on some of them
to our the generations after if we make an effort.
 
Here is one of them in Teo Chew
which I still can recall:

=====天上一條雲One floating cloud was hanging across the sky=====

天上一條雲

One floating cloud was hanging across the sky

地下二隻船

Two boats were sailing side by side

一隻載鹦哥

One is carrying parrots

一隻載葡萄

The other is loaded with grapes

葡萄跤落水

Some grapes accidentally fell into the water

鹦哥跑去追

Parrots volunteered to rescue

追(不会) 起

However, they fail the task

投阿姊

And rushed to inform the elder sister

阿姊哭到面鸟鸟

The elder sister cried sadly and her face just turned black

投仙姑

Hence, they run to report to the fairy

仙姑没在厝

Unfortunately, the fairy was not in the heavenly lodge

投富富

In despair, they quickly informed the rich neighbourhoods

富富奶

The rich were all milk feeding

满家满厝生阿弟

And good news travel fast:

All the household and the families in the neighbourhood were celebrating the arrival of new baby BOYS!

=====

Here is the full text in Chinese without translation:

=====

天上一條雲

地下二隻船

一隻載鹦哥

一隻載葡萄

葡萄跤落水

鹦哥跑去追

追(不会) 起

投阿姊

阿姊哭到面鸟鸟

投仙姑

仙姑没在厝

投富富

富富奶

满家满厝生阿弟

=====

Here is my translation:

=====

One floating cloud was hanging across the sky

=====

Two boats were getting ready to set off

One is carrying parrots

The other is loaded with grapes

Some grapes accidentally fell into the water

Parrots volunteered to rescue

However, the efforts of the parrots were in vain

They quickly rush to inform the elder sister

The elder sister cried sadly and her face just turned black

Hence, they run to report to the fairy

Unfortunately, the fairy was not in the heavenly lodge

So they cast their hope onto the rich

The rich family were milking

All the household and all the families were announcing the joyful news and celebrating the arrival of new born baby BOYS!

Spiritual progress...

Spiritual progress is like detoxification. Things have to come up in order to be released. Once we have asked to be healed, then our unhealed places are forced to the surface.     -- Marianne Williamson

Once a Reference Librarian, always a Reference Point

For me, my journey as a librarian started with cataloguing work at the Institute of Education (IE), Singapore, in August 1982.

The Institute of Education Library at that time was at Bukit Timah Campus, a new home to all the teacher trainees and staff, who had fond memories of TTC (Teachers'  Training College) at Paterson campus.

Mrs Wang-Chen Hsiu Chin (1922-1983) whom I met at Paterson Campus in 1981 was the Chief Librarian who recruited me.

I was very grateful to receive a letter from IE, with confirmation for my Library post  (Assistant Librarian) one day before I took the examination in the summer of 1982.

The only condition stated in the letter was: you have to pass your Postgraduate Diploma examination before your you can report to work.

I still remember the joyful scene of sharing the good news with classmates, Ms Foo Yan Chuin and housemates Nancy Chan, Sharopa & others on that summer evening at Padan House, Aberystwyth, the night before my first examination paper for Librarianship.

After I returned to Singapore with a Postgraduate Diploma in Librarianship from College of Librarianship Wales (CLW), Aberystwyth, I reported to work at IE and Mrs Wang-Chen Hsiu Chin and Mr Ng Soo Kwee were my two immediate bosses.

Before IE became NIE (National Institute of Education) in 1991, my library professional role in IE Library changed from Cataloguing to Reference in 1984, and I discovered with joy that reference work is much more interesting and rewarding than any other professional jobs in the library.

I served for 12 years at Reference in NIE Library, and a lot more roles were added over the decade.

I learned to oversee the Readers Services which includes circulation (loan issues), membership services, user education, library promotion and exhibitions, etc...

Conducting instructional programmes for different user groups, i.e., PGDE, HOD, Master In Education, Ph.D candidates and academic staff etc... became my working routine which I enjoyed very much.

In these 12 years of reference journey in IE/NIE, I was supported by my successor in Cataloguing Unit, Ms Yvonne Yin, who did the job with great insight and enthusiasm.

Yvonne's interest in reading and knowledge of history and many other subjects, like sports, made her a great counterpart to work with.  I frequently solved my reference puzzles and answered my reference enquiries with her help.

I am very grateful to her for her quick response whenever I see the need to correct or amend entries in some cataloguing records.

Two heads are always better than one, and we always look forward to sharing and unlocking our thoughts over the short 15 minutes tea break in the morning and in the afternoon on most working days!

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I am grateful to Mr Jim Davies and Mr Ng Soo Kwee for their recommendations for me to pursue the Masters Degree in Information Science at University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee from 1989 to 1990.  With the added academic credentials, I started to explore and expand online searching using Dialog Information Service and spent a lot of time searching ERIC database and Dissertations Abstracts. 

The standing order to purchase and subscribe to microfiche ED (Eric Documents) collection was then introduced in NIE Library with the recommendation of Mr Philip Wong, NICER, PS (Psychology Studies) Department, NIE. NIE became the first library in the Southeast Asia region to house the ERIC Documents produced by 16 ERIC Clearinghouses from the USA.

Before the ED standing order were initiated in 1991/2?, NIE Library only purchased print or microform (microfiche or microfilm) copies of ED based on users' request.

Even with the help of email, which was just starting to be a popular means of communication, items ordered via email were still being shipped by surface mail/post.  Usually, there was a waiting time of over 2-4 weeks before the item arrived.  It was rather hard for some research projects which had pressing needs in terms of time frame.

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In April 1996, I joined Temasek Polytechnic and became a lecturer in the Department of Information Studies, ITAS (School of Information Technology and Applied Science). The course I was first involved in was RTK (Recording and Transferring of Knowledge), which covered over 10 citation formats, like books (monographs or monograph series), newspapers and journal articles, conference proceedings, patents documents, legal documents like white papers, bills and acts etc... 

To me, the contents of RTK were like the by-products of cataloguing and reference works with more varieties in terms of document types.  In compiling the course materials and notes for RTK, my years of experience in cataloguing and reference at IE/NIE became very handy and useful.

Knowledge accumulated through years of working in the library, be it over the reference desk or in the technical service, all will come in handy when you need it.

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I enjoyed having a cataloguing mindset, with the complex rules of AACR2 as our bible.

The clear and strict rules helped to create order in bibliographic control and I am grateful to have all the long hours of coaching at Paterson Campus by Mr Ng Soo Kwee, the Chief Cataloguer and Head of Technical services before I went for my first overseas course, even though I was not an IE staff, way back in July 1981.

As someone who was on "pre-course attachment" before I went for UK studies, I was very much amazed by the contents of the 3" by 5" catalogue card, of which main entry was created and added entries were added by duplicating the same white card using stencilling machines.

With the two weeks of the pre-course attachment in IE at Paterson Campus, I gained some basic understand of library work, and the study in Wales added the foundation in Librarianship and allowed me to sail far in the ocean of knowledge world.

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I enjoyed Cataloguing work and saw the beauty of the MARC coding format. Nevertheless, I identified myself more as a reference librarian than as a cataloguer.

In the small library circle in Singapore, among peers and counterparts in library work, I am still being introduced as the former Reference Librarian from NIE.

By now, it has been over 20 years since I unloaded my reference title, yet from time to time, I receive reference enquiries from peers in the library circle and I am glad I can serve as a Reference Point until today.

Appended here is a write-up of a recent case:

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Reference & Friends [title based on the news/talk program Fox & Friends]

ReferenceFriend (RF for short): Hi Reference, I have an enquiry from a retiree who would like to contact Librarian A, who I know is also retired. I understand Librarian A wrote a short biography of the retiree's father. Do you know Librarian A personally?

Reference: No, sorry! Contact her old library, Library B!

(Library B was duly contacted, and the request kindly forwarded. Librarian A very kindly answered the enquiry, which pertained to an interview held decades ago).

The info was then relayed:

Very Grateful Enquirer: That is a real mystery solved! Thank you so much!

RF: Oh, you are most welcome, it's a small thing really --

Very Grateful Enquirer: I've got you a box of chocolates! And come over to my place for lunch! See you!

----------------------------------

RF (to Reference): ....and that's the story. Thanks so much for answering so quickly --

Reference: Hoi, I am a Reference librarian! Enquiries must be answered quickly, immediately, straightaway! Oh, I would like a write-up, please. I will give you  a whole 2 days, which is plenty time in Reference terms. Submit before the LAS AGM!

==========

Notes:

1.  Mrs Wang-Chen Hsiu Chin (1922-1983) was the University Librarian of the former University of Singapore, the predecessor institution of NUS. Mrs Wang joined the library in 1955 and retired as its head in 1978. She obtained both her MA in Political Science and Master of Librarianship from the University of Washington in Seattle. Prior to that, she had worked with a leading local Chinese newspaper, Nanyang Siang Pau, as a journalist and as the head of its resource centre.

The Straits Times, in reporting her passing in 1983, described Mrs Wang as “the woman who helped build the then University of Singapore’s library into one of the best in this region.” (S.T. 11.5.1983).

Source of information:

Biography of Mrs Wang-Chen Hsiu Chin

王陈秀锦女士传略

http://www.lib.nus.edu.sg/lebao/biography.htm

2. Mr Jim Davies from UK was appointed as Chief Librarian of IE in 1983. He left in 1992/3?.

3. Mr Ng Soo Kwee, retired from the NIE Chief Librarian post in 1994.

RDA in MARC Bibliographic Data

To understand RDA better, I would like to recommend reading:

Cataloger's Reference Shelf
MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data

RDA in MARC Bibliographic Data

http://www.itsmarc.com/crs/mergedprojects/helptop1/helptop1/variable_data_fields/rda_in_marc_bibliographic_data.htm

Here are some key components extracted from the page which I would like to focus on:

NEW for Update

Fields created or revised for RDA

Leader

0XX Fixed Field

for example:

040  Cataloging Source - $e made repeatable and code "rda" added to the MARC code list for Description Convention Source Codes to indicate the use of the RDA rules for description.  (Update 11, 2010)  Leader/18 will be coded i with RDA.

1XX  Main Entry Fields

-- already records name to resource relationships using relator terms ($e) or codes ($4); see MARC Code List for Relators and RDA Appendix I

-- subfield $g (Miscellaneous information) made repeatable  (Update 19, 2014)

240  Uniform Title - subfield $g (Miscellaneous information) made repeatable  (Update 19, 2014)

250  Edition Statement - made repeatable in order to better accommodate edition statements for music and other resources cataloged according to RDA

264  Production, Publication, Distribution, Manufacture, and Copyright Notice  (new field, Update 13, 2011)

300  Physical Description - recording carrier characteristics and RDA carrier characteristic terms in textual form.

490  Series Statement - ISSN subfield made repeatable.  (Update 10, 2009)

5XX  Note Fields

-- recording carrier characteristics and RDA carrier characteristic notes in textual form.

-- notes for resource to resource relationships that may exist between works, expressions, manifestations and items  (RDA Appendix J)

500  General Note - recording carrier characteristics and RDA carrier characteristic notes in textual form.

502  Dissertation Note - additional subfield specificity  (Update 9, 2008)

6XX  Subject Access Fields

-- already records name to resource relationships using relator terms ($e) or codes ($4); see MARC Code List for Relators and RDA Appendix I

-- subfield $g (Miscellaneous information) made repeatable in fields 600, 610, 611, 630  (Update 19, 2014)

650  Subject Added Entry - Topical Term - added $g (Miscellaneous information)  (Update 19, 2014)

700-75X  Added Entry Fields  (Update 10, 2009)

-- already records name to resource relationships using relator terms ($e) or codes ($4); see MARC Code List for Relators and RDA Appendix I

-- structured access points for resource to resource relationships that may exist between works, expressions, manifestations and items  (RDA Appendix J)

-- subfield $i defined in MARC for the relationship term

-- subfield $g (Miscellaneous information) made repeatable in fields 700, 710, 711, 730  (Update 19, 2014)

800-840  Series Added Entry Fields - already records name to resource relationships using relator terms ($e) or codes ($4); see MARC Code List for Relators and RDA Appendix I

-- added $x (International Standard Serial) and $3 (Materials specified)  (Update 9, 2008)

-- added $5 (Institution to which field applies)  (Update 11, 2010)

-- added $7 (Control subfield)  (Update 17, 2013)

-- subfield $g (Miscellaneous information) made repeatable in fields 800, 810, 811, 830  (Update 19, 2014)

856  Electronic Location and Access - identifiers for resource to resource relationships that may exist between works, expressions, manifestations and items  (RDA Appendix J)

X10  Corporate Names - Subfield $c (Location of meeting) made repeatable for recording multiple location names in relation to conferences.  (Update 18, 2014)

X11  Meeting Names - Subfield $c (Location of meeting) made repeatable for recording multiple location names in relation to conferences.  (Update 18, 2014)

Many subfields $o, $u, $x, $w, and $0 - identifiers for resource to resource relationships that may exist between works, expressions, manifestations and items  (RDA Appendix J)

Current with LC's web site changes through July 30, 2014.

RDA in MARC:

MARC 21 Updates 9-18 include all changes to MARC for use with RDA approved through June 2014.

CONTENT, MEDIA, and CARRIER TYPES and CHARACTERISTICS

For examples:

RDA Content Types

RDA contains a list of English language content types for which a new field 336 was provided in MARC Bibliographic and in MARC Authority.

RDA Media Types

MARC already indicates media type in field 007/00.

RDA contains a list of English language media types for which a new field 337 is provided in MARC Bibliographic and in MARC Holdings.

RDA Carrier Types

MARC already indicates carrier type in field 007/01.

RDA contains a list of English language carrier types for which a new field 338 is provided in MARC Bibliographic and in MARC Holdings.

RDA Carrier Characteristics

MARC provides for recording carrier characteristics in textual form in Bibliographic fields 300, 340, and 5XX and in coded form in Bibliographic and Holdings field 007.

RDA contains lists of English language terms that can be used to express carrier characteristics and also allows expression via notes.

RDA carrier characteristic notes – MARC Bibliographic fields 500 and other 5XX

RDA carrier characteristic terms in MARC Bibliographic format

-- Field 300  Physical Description

-- Field 340  Physical Medium  (new subfields)

-- New Bibliographic format fields

344  Sound Characteristics (R)

345  Projection Characteristics of Moving Image (R)

346  Video Characteristics (R)

347  Digital File Characteristics (R)

ATTRIBUTES of NAMES and RESOURCES

Attributes of names and titles are typically information that has been recorded in name headings (e.g., date of birth) or in uniform title headings (e.g., key for music) -- or they may have been included in a note in an Authority record for the name or title.  With RDA they may be recorded separately from the heading or as part of the heading (or both).  New fields for these attributes have been established for names and for resources (works and expressions).

New MARC Authority fields for name attributes:

046  Special Coded Dates (R)

368  Other Attributes of Person or Corporate Body (R)

371  Address (R)

372  Field of Activity (R)

373  Associated Group (R)

374  Occupation (R)

375  Gender (R)

376  Family Information (R)

378  Fuller Form of Personal Name (NR)

New MARC Authority and Bibliographic fields for work and expression attributes:

046  Special Coded Dates  (new subfields only)

370  Associated Place (R)

377  Associated Language (R)

380  Form of Work (R)

381  Other Distinguishing Characteristics of Work or Expression (R)

382  Medium of Performance (R)

383  Numeric Designation of Musical Work (R)

384  Key (NR)

RELATIONSHIPS

Name to resource

RDA Appendix I lists possible relationships between a resource and persons, families and corporate bodies, e.g., author, artist, cartographer.

MARC already records these types of relationships using relator terms ($e) or codes ($4) in 1XX, 6XX, 7XX, and 8XX in MARC Bibliographic and 1XX, 4XX, and 5XX in MARC Authority.

MARC Code List for Relators is being augmented with RDA relationships that are not already in the list.

Resource to resource

RDA Appendix J lists over 400 relationships that may exist between works, expressions, manifestations and items, e.g., dramatized as (work), indexed in (work), sequel, digest of (expression), filmed with (manifestation), reproduction of (item).

RDA identifies several methods for specifying these relationships:

-- identifiers - e.g., many $o, $u, $x, $w, and $0 subfields, and field 856

-- notes - 5XX Bibliographic and 667-68X Authority

-- structured descriptions - 76X-78X Bibliographic

-- structured access points - 700-75X Bibliographic and 4XX, and 5XX Authority

MARC addition:  $i defined for the relationship term - in Bibliographic 700-75X (see specific field) and 76X-78X (subfield $i) and in Authority 4XX and 5XX (subfield $i).

Name to name

RDA Appendix K lists possible relationships between persons, families and corporate bodies, e.g., employee, sponsor, descendent family, employer, predecessor.

MARC subfield $i added to 4XX and 5XX Authority is also used to specify these types of relationships.

MISCELLANEOUS OTHER CHANGES to MARC for RDA

Additional subfield specificity in field 502 (Dissertation Note)

Additional subfield for qualifying information in 015 (National Bibliography Number), 020 (International Standard Book Number), 024 (Other Standard Identifier), 027 (Standard Technical Report Number), 028 (Publisher or Distributor Number)

ISSN subfield made repeatable in field 490 (Series Statement)

Additional codes in various 007 and 008 character positions

Additional subfields in 033 (Date/Time and Place of an Event) and 518 (Date/Time and Place of an Event Note)

Field 040 $e made repeatable and code "rda" added to the MARC code list for Description Convention Source Codes to indicate the use of the RDA rules for description.  Leader/18 will be coded i with RDA.

Field 250 made repeatable in order to better accommodate edition statements for music and other resources cataloged according to RDA.

New Bibliographic format field:  264  Production, Publication, Distribution, Manufacture, and Copyright Notice (R)

Subfield $c (Location of meeting) made repeatable in X10 (Corporate Names) and X11 (Meeting Names) fields for recording multiple location names in relation to conferences.

Experimentation with a technique for including URIs for values (no MARC content designation change).  (See Discussion Paper 2010-DP02 for general description.)

Source of information:

http://www.itsmarc.com/crs/mergedprojects/helptop1/helptop1/variable_data_fields/rda_in_marc_bibliographic_data.htm