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Monday, October 26, 2026

三兔共耳


DeepSeek Q&A


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你照片中这件精美的方形图案,是敦煌莫高窟第407窟的“三兔飞天藻井”(也称“三兔共耳”藻井),属于隋代的经典艺术杰作。它原本位于洞窟的顶部,是仿照古代建筑中的“藻井”(即天花板)结构绘制的装饰图案,象征着天空的深邃与宇宙的秩序。


🎨 画面细节解读


· 中心“三兔共耳”:在中央的绿色莲蓬上,画着三只逆时针奔跑的兔子,它们两两共用一只耳朵,总共只有三只耳,但从任何角度看每只兔子又都有两只耳朵。这种巧妙利用“共用部分”的造型,展现了极强的动感。

· 周围“飞天环绕”:莲花外围绘有八身飞天,他们衣带飘飘,环绕着中心莲花飞翔,与静止的方井形成“静中有动”的视觉效果。

· 整体“莲花与叠涩方井”:中心是一朵四层八瓣的大莲花,外围则是由多层几何纹样(如忍冬纹、联珠纹等)构成的边框,层层叠叠,模拟了木构建筑“叠涩”的结构,显得极为华丽庄严。


💡 文化内涵与象征意义


· “三兔共耳”的象征:在中国传统文化里,“三”代表吉祥与完整;兔子则象征生命力与祥瑞。这个图案是丝绸之路上多元文化交融的见证,类似的纹样也出现在伊朗、阿富汗等地的器物上。

· 藻井的宗教意涵:作为洞窟的“天空”,中心莲花象征佛国净土,飞天则代表对佛的礼赞与供养,整体营造出一个天宫楼阁般的理想世界。

· 视觉巧思:画师利用“共用耳朵”的视错觉,让静止的图案产生了永不停歇的旋转感,让原本沉闷的洞窟顶部充满了生机与神秘感。


从照片中可以看到,这件展品表面有拼接的痕迹,它很可能是在新加坡亚洲文明博物馆“敦煌:佛教艺术与丝绸之路”特展中,作为临摹作品或数字化复制品展出的。虽然不是壁画原件,但这件作品依旧完美保留了隋代画师那种自由奔放、色彩浓丽的艺术神韵。


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流传到那些其他國家?

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“三兔共耳”是一个典型的跨文明符号,它从敦煌出发,沿着丝绸之路一路向西,最终横跨亚、欧、非三大洲,出现在不同宗教与文化的器物上。


🗺️ 流传的国家与地区


中亚与南亚


· 巴基斯坦:斯瓦特谷地(Swat valley)的赤陶浮雕和佛教遗址中均有发现。

· 阿富汗:出现在金属盘等器物上。


西亚与中东


· 伊朗:曾发现雕刻于中世纪托盘上的符号,以及公元1281年铜币上的图案。

· 叙利亚:见于多色陶瓷制品上。

· 科威特:出现在瓷砖画上。


欧洲


· 英国:教堂的玻璃窗和瓷砖画上都有其身影,例如德文郡的South Tawton教堂。

· 德国:教堂钟表、犹太会堂壁画,甚至卡塞尔市的一个井盖上都出现过。

· 法国:同样发现了该图案的踪迹。

· 瑞士:当地文化中,三兔图案有时被用来象征基督教“三位一体”的概念。

· 乌克兰:在19世纪早期的犹太墓碑上发现了雕刻图案。

· 俄罗斯:一件古代伊斯兰风格的舍利容器上带有此图案。


非洲


· 埃及:出现在当地的陶瓷制品上。


此外,在印度北部的拉达克地区(Alchi),约1200年的佛教寺庙中也保存着这一图案。在一些讨论中,蒙古国也被提及为可能的早期传播途经地。


这个小小的图案,可以说是古代世界文明交流最生动的注脚之一了。

心经与观音的源起

 DeepSeek Q&A

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心经与观音的源起有何关系?

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《心经》与观音的源起关系,并非简单的“出现顺序”问题,而是一个双向塑造、相互成就的过程:观音是《心经》的说法主角,而围绕《心经》的信仰传说,又反过来强化了观音在汉地的救度者形象。


📖 经典文本层面:观音是《心经》的“说法主”


在《心经》的正文中,观自在菩萨(即观音)是核心的教导者。经文由他向舍利弗宣说“色即是空,空即是色”的般若空义。在部分《心经》异译本(如唐代法月译本)中,观自在菩萨更是在佛的许可下,主动向大众宣说此经。


这一设定有其历史背景。学界认为《心经》约成立于公元4至5世纪,当时观音信仰在印度及西域的密教中已极为兴盛。因此,当《心经》被编纂时,便顺理成章地将这位广具“大慈大悲”威神之力的观音,奉为般若经典的说法主,以赋予此经更强的救度色彩与传播力。


📜 信仰与传说层面:观音作为《心经》的“亲授者”


在汉地流传的信仰叙事中,观音的角色进一步被“前置”为《心经》的直接来源。最著名的传说与玄奘法师有关:故事称他在西行取经前,于蜀地遇到一位病僧,病僧口授他《般若心经》,助其化解旅途危难。后来这位病僧显现真身,自称是观音菩萨化身。敦煌出土的文献中也有“观自在菩萨与三藏法师玄奘亲教授梵本”的记载。


这意味着在信仰传统里,《心经》被视为观音亲传的护佑法门,二者之间被建立起了直接的法脉传承关系。


🔗 深层关联:观音信仰与般若智慧的“合流”


从思想史上看,这种结合反映了一个更宏大的趋势。观音信仰的核心是 “慈悲救度” ,而《心经》的核心是 “般若空性” 智慧。观音与《心经》的紧密关联,标志着观音信仰与般若思想在公元4世纪后的系统性“合流”。这种合流赋予了观音救度行为以深刻的哲学根基:他的“寻声救苦”并非盲目的慈悲,而是基于 “照见五蕴皆空” 的究竟智慧,因而能无碍地“度一切苦厄”。


所以,《心经》因观音作为说法主而更具传播力与信仰温度,观音则因《心经》的般若内核与亲授传说,其慈悲形象被赋予了更坚实的智慧根基。二者在文本、信仰与思想层面,共同构成了一个完整的宗教表达。

观音的出处

DeepSeek Q&A

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观音的出处, 最早在什么时候?

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观音的“出处”可以从经典文献与造像艺术两条线索来追溯,其源头指向古印度,但具体“最早”的时间点因定义不同而有差异。


📜 经典出处:名号的最早记载


从现存汉译佛典看,“观音”名号的出现有一个演进过程:


· 最早音译:后汉支娄迦谶译的《无量清净平等觉经》中,已用“廅楼亘”这一音译指代观音。

· 最早“观音”译名:后汉支曜于约公元185年译出的《成具光明定意经》中,首次出现了“观音”这一汉译名称。不过也有学者指出,该词在经文中较为孤立,且无对应梵本,其确切指代尚存疑问。

· 信仰基础经典:真正奠定观音信仰基础的是《法华经·观世音菩萨普门品》,其中详细阐述了观音寻声救苦的愿力。其梵文部分章节的成立时间,学界推测约在公元1世纪左右。


🗿 造像证据:最早的形象出现


在视觉艺术上,观音最早的形象是莲花手观音,以手持长茎莲花为标志。


· 印度源头:这种形象被认为起源于公元2世纪的古印度,在更早的公元1世纪末至2世纪初的印度石窟中已见雏形。

· 传入中国:中国现存有明确铭文纪年的最早观音像之一,是北魏皇兴四年(470年) 的王钟造观音立像。而中国现存年代最早的观音菩萨像实物,则可追溯到十六国时期,藏于甘肃永靖炳灵寺。


💎 补充:关于“起源”的学术讨论


学界对观音信仰的“最初形态”并无定论。一种观点认为其源于净土思想,与阿弥陀佛信仰紧密相关;但另一种重要观点指出,从印度现存最早的造像(公元1世纪秣菟罗地区,并无阿弥陀佛冠像)来看,观音信仰的起点更可能是现世救难,而非来世净土往生。

观音与菩薩

DeepSeek Q&A 

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观音与菩薩的不同?

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观音与菩萨的关系,可以概括为 “个体”与“类别” 的关系:观音是一位具体的菩萨,而菩萨是一个涵盖众多修行者的广泛阶位。二者的区别主要体现在以下几个层面:


📖 概念层级:个体与类别


菩萨是梵语“菩提萨埵”的简称,意为“觉有情”,泛指所有发起菩提心、立志上求佛道、下化众生的修行者。这是一个广泛的身份类别,文殊、普贤、地藏等都属此列。而观音(全称“观世音菩萨”)则是这个类别中一位具体的成员,因其“观其音声而前来相救”的慈悲愿力而得名。


⭐ 身份特殊性:“果地菩萨”的示现


在佛教体系中,观音属于一种非常特殊的 “果地菩萨” 。与仍在修行路上的“因地菩萨”不同,观音在久远劫前早已成佛,名为“正法明如来”。但他为了救度众生,自愿放弃佛位,倒驾慈航,以菩萨的身份示现于世。


这种“佛心菩萨身”的特殊身份,使其在信众心中的地位远超一般菩萨。他并非尚未圆满的修行者,而是出于慈悲的主动选择,这也解释了他为何拥有如此广大的法力与救度能力。


🎯 角色侧重:慈悲救度的象征


在佛教的职能分工中,每位大菩萨各有侧重。观音的核心特质是 “大慈大悲”——慈是予乐,悲是拔苦。他的修行侧重于对众生具体、直接的救度,闻声救苦,有求必应。因此,他常被描绘为深入俗界、“应以何身得度,即现何身”的救度者,这也是他比一般菩萨更深入民心的原因。


🎨 形象与信仰的独特性


观音的形象在中国经历了独特的本土化演变。早期传入时为男相,唐宋以后逐渐定型为女相,并衍生出“妙善公主”等中国化的身世传说。此外,其造型从圣观音的二臂,发展出千手千眼、十八臂等多种密教形象,象征其救度法门的无量无边。民间更流传着三十三观音等不同化身,这是其他菩萨较少具备的丰富形象体系。


总的来说,菩萨是一个宏大的修行者范畴,而观音是其中一位早已成佛、为慈悲而倒驾慈航,并以广大灵感救度著称的特殊菩萨。

观音从“两手”到“千手”的造型

DeepSeek Q$A

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观音从两手到八手, 至千手的造型是如何发展出来的?

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观音从“两手”到“千手”的造型演变,本质上是其角色从一位普遍的慈悲菩萨,转变为密教体系中具有无边法力的“秘密身形” 的过程。这一转变的关键驱动力,是公元7世纪起大量密教经典被系统性地译入汉地。


👐 起点:作为“标准菩萨”的两臂观音


在早期佛教艺术中,观音的形象与一般菩萨无异,多为一面二臂。他通常作为阿弥陀佛的胁侍出现,造型庄严而慈悲,其核心身份是寻声救苦的“大悲菩萨”。这一时期的“两手”造型,象征着其愿力集中于救度众生,尚未被赋予密教体系下那种“武器化”的法力象征。


🧭 转折:密教经典与多臂象征的传入


观音手臂数量的激增,源于密教(持明密) 的兴起。大约在公元4至5世纪的印度,密教体系开始塑造具有多面多臂特征的观音,如十一面观音、千手观音等,以象征其降伏烦恼、救度众生的广大法力。这些新形象随着经典在唐代大量译入而系统性地传入中土。


唐代高僧伽梵达摩译出的《千手千眼观世音菩萨广大圆满无碍大悲心陀罗尼经》,是千手观音最重要的一部经典依据。经中解释,观音在过去无量劫中听佛说《大悲咒》后,发誓要利益一切众生,于是身上化生出千手千眼——“千手”表示遍护众生,“千眼”表示遍观世间苦难。


🎨 定型:从“八臂”到“千手”的造型落地


多臂观音在唐代经历了从少数手臂到象征性“千手”的定型过程,其造像风格也呈现出从西域到中原的传播轨迹。


· 早期实例:现今发现较早的多臂观音造像,是河南洛阳龙门石窟的四臂和八臂观音,其题铭可追溯至公元701年左右。这反映了在千手经典流传初期,工匠可能选择以“八臂”等有限手臂来表现其多臂特质。

· 西域先行:新疆地区(如于阗)是千手观音信仰和图像较早流行的区域,其唐代遗存多为一面千手的样式。有研究认为,汉地的千手观音样式很可能借鉴了西域的图本,例如唐代于阗画家尉迟乙僧在长安绘制的千手观音像。

· 两种主流样式:千手观音的造像最终形成了两种主要视觉方案。一种是完全具象化,真实雕绘出密密麻麻的千手,如大足石刻的经典之作。另一种则采用象征性处理,常见的是正中两手合十,左右各塑20只手,每只手代表25种救度法力(20×25=1000),既表达了“千手”的涵义,在艺术表现上也更为凝练。此外,还有“十八臂”等作为“正大手”来执持各种法器的变体。


💎 演变背后的逻辑


这一造型演变并非简单的数量叠加,而是宗教义理与艺术表达共同作用的结果。它将抽象的“法力无边”转化为具有视觉震撼力的宗教符号。手臂的增多,意味着救度工具的多样化;而“千眼”的加入,则补全了“遍观”的慈悲维度,最终塑造出一位既能看见一切苦难,又有无数手段予以救济的超级守护者形象。

Wednesday, December 17, 2025

“花袅百舌” 潮州话的寓意

“花袅百舌” 潮话的寓意

潮州语这样文雅地说人讲骗话!

為了深释其源,我谷歌了一下!

Here is what I get from Google AI overview 

 “花袅百舌”这个词语在现代汉语中不常见,它更像是从古诗词中提炼出来的意象,通常指百舌鸟(一种善于模仿鸟鸣的鸟,也叫“莺”或“鸝”),在春天里围绕着各种花朵飞舞,描绘出春天生机勃勃、花香鸟语的景象,尤其在古典诗词中,常用于衬托美好春光或借花鸟寄托情感。 

解析:

花 (huā): 指各种盛开的花朵。

袅 (niǎo): 有“袅娜”、“轻盈”、“萦绕”的意思,形容花姿轻柔或鸟儿飞舞的姿态。

百舌 (bǎi shé): 指百舌鸟(鸝)。

整体意境: 描绘了春天花丛中,百舌鸟婉转啼叫,花朵摇曳生姿,蜂蝶飞舞的繁盛景象。 

古典诗词中的应用(示例):

唐代诗人白居易诗中“百舌问花花不语,低回似恨横塘雨”就用了“百舌问花”的意象,描绘了百舌鸟与花的互动,表达了对时光流逝的感叹。 

所以,“花袅百舌”是一个富有诗意的组合,通常指春天花丛中鸟语花香的场景,以及由景生发的对青春、时光的感怀。 

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这解说与潮州话的意思天差地别!

我想“花裊”只形容“天花乱坠”的“花言巧语”!

“百舌” 是寓其有百舌之功力,将“巧舌之功”立体化形象化!

谷歌AI的解说,其实就是 “花袅百舌”!


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Using DeepSeek to explore further ...


I key in:

潮汕话" 花袅百舌"是说人用花言巧语讲话骗人,我想知道这话如何注释?


DeepSeek return:


在潮汕话中,“花袅百舌”(也作“花猎百舌”)是一个生动形容人用花言巧语哄骗、说话不实的俗语。为你从语言学和文化角度详细注释如下:


1. 词语本字与字义

这个词的准确用字存在探讨,常见的写法有“花袅百舌”和“花猎百舌”两种。


· “花袅”:更准确的写法可能是“花猎”(潮汕话读音相近)。“猎”在这里是撩拨、引诱的意思。“花猎”即用花哨、动听的话去挑动、吸引别人。

· “百舌”:指的是百舌鸟(如乌鸫),这种鸟善于模仿多种叫声。在这里用来比喻人巧舌如簧、能说会道,嘴里有说不完的话,且变化多端。


2. 整体含义与用法

整个词描绘了一幅动态画面:一个人像用诱饵捕猎一样,抛出各种花里胡哨的言语;又像百舌鸟一样,不停变换声调说个不停。其核心意思就是用虚伪动听的话语来讨好、迷惑或欺骗他人,带有明显的贬义。

使用场景举例:形容推销员吹得天花乱坠、恋爱中不切实际的承诺、为达目的而进行的奉承等。


3. 文化内涵


· 形象隐喻:借助“花”(视觉的华丽)和“百舌”(听觉的繁杂)两个具体意象,将抽象的好诈言谈变得可视可听,非常符合汉语俗语“状物取譬”的特点。

· 警示作用:体现了潮汕地区务实的文化性格,告诫人们对那些说得过分动听的话要保持警惕,是一种民间的人生智慧。


4. 关联与对比


· 与普通话成语的联系:其含义与“花言巧语”、“巧舌如簧”、“油嘴滑舌”基本对应,但方言的表达更具画面感和地方特色。

· 与其他潮汕俗语的关联:在潮汕话中,形容说话不实的词还有“嘴甜舌滑”、“空嘴白舌”等。相比之下,“花袅百舌”更侧重于言语的华丽性和欺骗性。

总而言之,“花袅百舌”是一个充满潮汕语言智慧的生动表达,精准地抓住了“用华丽辞藻进行言语欺骗”这一行为的神韵。


如果你对这个词的潮汕话发音感兴趣,或者想了解其他相关的潮汕俗语,我可以为你进一步介绍。


总而言之,“花袅百舌”是一个充满潮汕语言智慧的生动表达,精准地抓住了“用华丽辞藻进行言语欺骗”这一行为的神韵。

=====

如果你对这个词的潮汕话发音感兴趣,或者想了解其他相关的潮汕俗语,我可以为你进一步介绍。



Monday, February 21, 2022

脉、经、络

脉:“月”为“肉”表人体, “永” 表示水流

经:是纵向的主要通道

络:是经分支出去的横向通道

“系”指丝绳, “各”指十字交叉.

经络:以十字交叉方式组成的直经横络.

睡觉

睡:包含二字“目”与“垂”

觉: 亦“ 学”与“见”之结合

眼睛下垂, 亦入睡!

学会看见, 即是觉.

睡好之后, 才能有觉醒的智慧!

睡好眠、休好息, 是为了走更清醒的路!

Planning vs. Living

It is uncommon for us to have planning for our future and overlook our  living in the present.


It is important to have a balance, and we are learning to master it all the time.


Tuesday, May 05, 2020

Do the best we can

"When we ç, we never know what miracle is wrought in our life, or in the life of another."
- Helen Keller (1880 - 1968)
American Writer

Friday, September 28, 2018

A mind that is stretched

A mind that is stretched by a new experience can never go back to its old dimensions.

 
  -- Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.

Sunday, September 23, 2018

Find the right numbers...

Life is like a combination lock; your job is to find the right numbers, in the right order, so you can have anything you want.

 

 -- Brian Tracy
===

Finding the right numbers is a simple work sometimes, yet, it can be hard and become a mission impossible at time!

We are learning how to do it naturally, and I always believe that whatever we have, is the best combination that could had happened.

Just live the way it is and do the best we can.


Dexterine Ho

Wednesday, July 25, 2018

略窥潮汕话的古汉语身影

略窥潮汕话的古汉语身影——你在其它方言中见到了吗?

文章来源:https://read01.com/Jg8Kx5.html

1、古人说“吃”,全部都用一个“食”字解决,如食饭、食糜、食水、食馒头……而今只有潮汕话保留了这一点,而如普通话等则早已是吃饭、喝粥、饮水、啃馒头;
2、在现今潮汕方言语汇中有不少是见之于秦汉或唐宋的古籍中,如:“东司”、“翘楚”、“姿娘”、“腰佝”、“书册”、“眠起”、“起厝”……等等。
3、沽酒(打酒)、行(走)、走(跑)、勿(不要)、伊(他或她)、打秩(收拾、教训)等等。
4、潮汕话还保留了许多神传文化中修炼与信仰的内涵,如:出世(出生),老去(逝世),未来事先知(指具有宿命通功能,能预知未来之事),圣公嘴(指有功能的人说的话能把事定住),还有冤业(冤孽),“道”(道行)”,等等。
5、潮汕人祖先远离烽烟战火的中原来到安定和平得多的潮汕地区,过上了较安稳的生活。而中原的战火基本上没有燃及这“世外桃源”,中原地区的一条变革也就与这一地区关系不大。在这地区居住的中原汉人,他们原来所过的生活习俗和所操用的话语也就大体保留下来。潮汕地区的“时年八节”(春节、元宵、清明、端午、中元、中秋、重阳、冬节)就是古代习俗的延续。同时,古汉语的许多特点也在潮汕话中表现出来。
6、潮汕话的确很难学,由此有些人说“潮汕话很土”,其实,“潮汕话是古,不是土”。潮汕话有八个声调,分别为阴平、阴上、阳去、阴入、阳平、阳上、阳去、阳入。读法如“分、粉、训、忽、云、混、份、佛”。(用潮话读出)这与古汉语的八音读法是一样的。而现代汉语却只有四个声调,所以,在掌握声调方面,更不用说让那些只有两声调的欧美人学潮汕话了。一句“潮汕话最难学”(用潮语)就让他们满头雾水,目瞪口呆即使练得舌头打结也难以正确说出!
7、潮汕话因具有古汉语的特点,特别是八声读法,拟有些用普通话读起来不押韵的古文,若用潮州话来读,会变得很押韵、琅琅上口!如《陌上桑》。
8、潮汕话保留古汉语八声读法的同时,也保留了大量的古词用法。如“目”、“新妇”,相当于现代汉语的“眼睛”、“媳妇”等。这些词在古汉语和潮汕话里大量使用。
9、潮汕话中至今仍保留着大量单音节的古词,其中一些常用的古词是现代汉语少用或不用的。如潮语中说“索”不说“绳”,说“齿”不说“牙”,说“铰”不说“剪”,说“箸”不说“筷子”说“食酒”不说“饮酒”等等。

Tuesday, July 24, 2018

潮汕话


《为什么潮汕话排名中国十大难懂方言第一位?》


潮汕话,属汉语方言八大语系之一的闽南语系,但它比闽南更特别。它的词汇丰富,幽默生动,富有极强的表现力,并保存着很多古汉语的成份,被人称为“福佬语”或“学老语”(意为一辈子都学不会的语言)。


潮汕话是全国八大方言区中闽南方言的次方言,潮州人的方言,也是现今全国最古远、最特殊的方言。据有关史料载,潮语初始于秦、汉时期,成型于唐、宋,到了明末清初,才形成自己独立的语言体系。主体是中原的古汉语,混杂问方言,音韵与现在的闽南话大体相同。
现在的潮州人与闽南人仍可用一些简单的生活方言交流。潮语的特点概括起来就是语法特殊、词汇丰富、音韵独特、古语义多等。如现代汉语是四声拼读,但潮语仍保留着八音拼读的语音系统;潮语中客人 叫人客,母鸡叫 鸡母,步行叫行路,铁锅叫鼎,瓶子叫樽等等;潮语中古汉语保留较完整,潮语一字多义,一个 “食”字,几乎包括了喝、吃、饮、吮、吸等所有的口腔饮食动作,如食(吸)烟、食(喝)酒、食(啃)蔗、食(饮)水等。


现在使用潮汕话的人数大概有3000多万,1000多万在粤东的潮州,汕头,揭阳三市。另外的就是分布在海外的1000多万的潮汕华侨。潮汕人占香港人口的六分之一,潮汕帮又是香港第一大黑帮,因此香港第二语言就是潮汕话,就是为什么我们经常能在香港电影听到有人用潮汕话骂人的。东南亚使用最广泛的方言就是潮汕话,潮汕人遍布全球,其中在新加坡就有70万,在泰国有500多万。所以潮汕话排名十大难懂方言第1位..


在潮汕。

有一种萝卜叫菜头。
有一种菠菜叫飞龙。
有一种土豆叫康同。
有一种菠萝叫风梨。
有一种粥叫糜。

 有一种萝卜干叫菜脯。
有一种瘦子叫K脯仔。
有一种年轻人叫后生仔。
有一种儿子叫孥仔。
有一种漂亮的女人叫雅姿娘。

 有一种可爱叫趣味。
有一种炫耀叫划扑。
有一种2B叫熬浪。
有一种茄子叫乐苏。
有一种女人叫扎亩。

 有一种疯子叫做小。
有一种水叫做醉。
有一种厉害叫做浪险。
有一种好厉害叫做过浪险。
有一种惊讶叫走胆。

 有一种白痴叫白仁。
有一种傻瓜叫砂帕。
有一种没办法叫无便。
有一种拉稀叫漏屎 。
有一种荔枝叫耐果。

 有一种龙眼叫肉嫒。
有一种单车叫脚车。
有一种奇怪叫怪浪。
有一种瞎子叫青夜。
有一种淤血叫乌青。

 有一种老师叫做啊姥。
有一种父亲叫老政府。


Source: https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=790155567762270&id=240245389419960

用漫画读懂潮汕人!

用漫画读懂潮汕人!
关于潮汕人、
潮汕男人、潮汕女人、
潮汕话、拜老爷,
充满趣味性,值得一看!




http://www.sohu.com/a/195404874_726987





Tuesday, April 03, 2018

LAS visit to LKCMedicine's Clinical Sciences Building and Medical Library on 29 Mar 2018







Visit to Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine) in Novena Campus.

Photo credit: courtesy of Ms Jenny Wong, Programmes and Social Committee, LAS


Programme:

  • 2.45 pm - Assemble at Reception, Clinical Sciences Building, 1st Floor
  • 3.00 pm - Introduction of LKCMedicine and tour of Clinical Sciences Building and Medical Library
  • 4.30 pm - Light refreshments
  • 5.00 pm - End of programme



Car park details: Limited parking is available at the HQ building and an open-air car park along Mandalay Road. Car park charges are about $2.50 per hour.

The address of Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (Novena Campus) is:
11 Mandalay Road Singapore 308232

===

About the campus:
Here are some information I extracted from the NTU Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine's web page http://www.lkcmedicine.ntu.edu.sg/aboutus/Pages/Dual-Campus.aspx


NTU Novena Campus is situated close to LKCMedicine’s partner teaching hospital, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, to facilitate students’ seamle​ss integration into clinical settings. 

The brand new 20-storey Clinical Sciences Building (CSB) offers LKCMedicine students state-​of-the-art future learning spaces, including a Learning Studio, custom built to support the School’s IT-enhanced Team-Based Learning (TBL) approach; the Anatomy Learning Centre, which consists of a cluster of 11 alcoves distributed around a central teaching core; and the Centre for Clinical Simulation, which consists of a practical skills lab, simulated four-bed ward, which can be configured to a range of clinical settings, and a communication suite with 10-paired consultation rooms, so that students can practise their skills in a realistic and safe environment. 

The CSB will also be home to LKCMedicine researchers, with the laboratories interconnected through collaborative spaces.

===


I enjoyed the visit and was impressed by:

* New lift concept: all the floor bottoms were outside the lift.  The intelligence lift system will allocate the lift that move passengers going to the same floor together.

* The library is on the top floor, the 20th floor.  This is the first library of which the library readers and visitors can have a 360 view of the city.

Here is the extract about the library from:

http://www.lkcmedicine.ntu.edu.sg/aboutus/MedicalLibrary/Pages/Medical-Library.aspx

Crowning the Clinical Sciences Building is the rooftop Medical Library which not only boasts an impressive collection of medical journals, textbooks and unique collections such as the Medical Art Print Collection, Children’s Health Collection and Singapore (SG) Doctors, but also a panoramic view of Singapore’s city skyline.​​​

The Medical Library is divided into four conceptual spaces:
  • Quiet Study area, where the print collection is located. The library shelves, which you can sit on, provide a welcoming environment to browse books; while Study Pods and tables provide a conducive environment to focus on work.
  • Collaboration space, provides general use computers. Quick discussions can also be held in the semi-enclosed meeting spaces.
  • Flexi-Space, a multifunctional room that can be used to hold seminars, workshops or events. During exam periods, it is transformed into a study hall.
  • Café area, where you can unwind or hold informal meetings over a drink or meal.

Between the Flexi-Space and Café area, there is an outdoor terrace accessible to anyone looking for a space with fresh air, some greenery and a scenic view of Singapore’s Central Business District. 

Thursday, March 01, 2018

What sparks the light in you ...

You have to know what sparks the light in you so that you, in your own way, can illuminate the world.

---  Oprah Winfrey
=====

Our best ...

Our best comes out when we have honest discussions. Our worst comes out when we behave like robots or professionals.


  -- Fernando Flores

=====

Friday, September 22, 2017

One floating cloud was hanging across the sky: 天上一条云

Everyone loves listening to story.  To me nursery rhymes, in a way is short story with rhymes and loved by kids.
As a Teo Chew, I listened to nursery rhymes 
sung by Grand parents, and enjoyed
the story embedded in it.
 
As nursery rhymes were recited to us when we are 
toddles, they were easily remembered.
It is possible for us to pass on some of them
to our the generations after if we make an effort.
 
Here is one of them in Teo Chew
which I still can recall:


=====天上一條雲One floating cloud was hanging across the sky=====

天上一條雲
One floating cloud was hanging across the sky

地下二隻船
Two boats were sailing side by side

一隻載鹦哥
One is carrying parrots

一隻載葡萄
The other is loaded with grapes


葡萄跤落水
Some grapes accidentally fell into the water

鹦哥跑去追
Parrots volunteered to rescue

追(不会) 起
However, they fail the task

投阿姊
And rushed to inform the elder sister

阿姊哭到面鸟鸟
The elder sister cried sadly and her face just turned black

投仙姑
Hence, they run to report to the fairy


仙姑没在厝
Unfortunately, the fairy was not in the heavenly lodge

投富富
In despair, they quickly informed the rich neighbourhoods

富富奶
The rich were all milk feeding

满家满厝生阿弟
And good news travel fast:
All the household and the families in the neighbourhood were celebrating the arrival of new baby BOYS!


=====


Here is the full text in Chinese without translation:


=====

天上一條雲

地下二隻船

一隻載鹦哥

一隻載葡萄

葡萄跤落水

鹦哥跑去追


追(不会) 起

投阿姊

阿姊哭到面鸟鸟

投仙姑

仙姑没在厝

投富富

富富奶

满家满厝生阿弟

=====


Here is my translation:
=====

One floating cloud was hanging across the sky
=====

Two boats were getting ready to set off

One is carrying parrots

The other is loaded with grapes

Some grapes accidentally fell into the water

Parrots volunteered to rescue

However, the efforts of the parrots were in vain

They quickly rush to inform the elder sister

The elder sister cried sadly and her face just turned black

Hence, they run to report to the fairy

Unfortunately, the fairy was not in the heavenly lodge

So they cast their hope onto the rich

The rich family were milking

All the household and all the families were announcing the joyful news and celebrating the arrival of new born baby BOYS!

Thursday, June 29, 2017

Spiritual progress...

Spiritual progress is like detoxification. Things have to come up in order to be released. Once we have asked to be healed, then our unhealed places are forced to the surface.
 
 
-- Marianne Williamson

Saturday, May 20, 2017

Once a Reference Librarian, always a Reference Point

For me, my journey as a librarian started with cataloguing work at the Institute of Education (IE), Singapore, in August 1982.

The Institute of Education Library at that time was at Bukit Timah Campus, a new home to all the teacher trainees and staff, who had fond memories of TTC (Teachers'  Training College) at Paterson campus.

Mrs Wang-Chen Hsiu Chin (1922-1983) whom I met at Paterson Campus in 1981 was the Chief Librarian who recruited me.

I was very grateful to receive a letter from IE, with confirmation for my Library post  (Assistant Librarian) one day before I took the examination in the summer of 1982.

The only condition stated in the letter was: you have to pass your Postgraduate Diploma examination before your you can report to work.

I still remember the joyful scene of sharing the good news with classmates, Ms Foo Yan Chuin and housemates Nancy Chan, Sharopa & others on that summer evening at Padan House, Aberystwyth, the night before my first examination paper for Librarianship.

After I returned to Singapore with a Postgraduate Diploma in Librarianship from College of Librarianship Wales (CLW), Aberystwyth, I reported to work at IE and Mrs Wang-Chen Hsiu Chin and Mr Ng Soo Kwee were my two immediate bosses.

Before IE became NIE (National Institute of Education) in 1991, my library professional role in IE Library changed from Cataloguing to Reference in 1984, and I discovered with joy that reference work is much more interesting and rewarding than any other professional jobs in the library.

I served for 12 years at Reference in NIE Library, and a lot more roles were added over the decade.

I learned to oversee the Readers Services which includes circulation (loan issues), membership services, user education, library promotion and exhibitions, etc...

Conducting instructional programmes for different user groups, i.e., PGDE, HOD, Master In Education, Ph.D candidates and academic staff etc... became my working routine which I enjoyed very much.
In these 12 years of reference journey in IE/NIE, I was supported by my successor in Cataloguing Unit, Ms Yvonne Yin, who did the job with great insight and enthusiasm.

Yvonne's interest in reading and knowledge of history and many other subjects, like sports, made her a great counterpart to work with.  I frequently solved my reference puzzles and answered my reference enquiries with her help.

I am very grateful to her for her quick response whenever I see the need to correct or amend entries in some cataloguing records.

Two heads are always better than one, and we always look forward to sharing and unlocking our thoughts over the short 15 minutes tea break in the morning and in the afternoon on most working days!
=====
I am grateful to Mr Jim Davies and Mr Ng Soo Kwee for their recommendations for me to pursue the Masters Degree in Information Science at University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee from 1989 to 1990.  With the added academic credentials, I started to explore and expand online searching using Dialog Information Service and spent a lot of time searching ERIC database and Dissertations Abstracts. 

The standing order to purchase and subscribe to microfiche ED (Eric Documents) collection was then introduced in NIE Library with the recommendation of Mr Philip Wong, NICER, PS (Psychology Studies) Department, NIE. NIE became the first library in the Southeast Asia region to house the ERIC Documents produced by 16 ERIC Clearinghouses from the USA.

Before the ED standing order were initiated in 1991/2?, NIE Library only purchased print or microform (microfiche or microfilm) copies of ED based on users' request.

Even with the help of email, which was just starting to be a popular means of communication, items ordered via email were still being shipped by surface mail/post.  Usually, there was a waiting time of over 2-4 weeks before the item arrived.  It was rather hard for some research projects which had pressing needs in terms of time frame.
=====
In April 1996, I joined Temasek Polytechnic and became a lecturer in the Department of Information Studies, ITAS (School of Information Technology and Applied Science). The course I was first involved in was RTK (Recording and Transferring of Knowledge), which covered over 10 citation formats, like books (monographs or monograph series), newspapers and journal articles, conference proceedings, patents documents, legal documents like white papers, bills and acts etc... 

To me, the contents of RTK were like the by-products of cataloguing and reference works with more varieties in terms of document types.  In compiling the course materials and notes for RTK, my years of experience in cataloguing and reference at IE/NIE became very handy and useful.

Knowledge accumulated through years of working in the library, be it over the reference desk or in the technical service, all will come in handy when you need it.
=====
I enjoyed having a cataloguing mindset, with the complex rules of AACR2 as our bible.

The clear and strict rules helped to create order in bibliographic control and I am grateful to have all the long hours of coaching at Paterson Campus by Mr Ng Soo Kwee, the Chief Cataloguer and Head of Technical services before I went for my first overseas course, even though I was not an IE staff, way back in July 1981.

As someone who was on "pre-course attachment" before I went for UK studies, I was very much amazed by the contents of the 3" by 5" catalogue card, of which main entry was created and added entries were added by duplicating the same white card using stencilling machines.

With the two weeks of the pre-course attachment in IE at Paterson Campus, I gained some basic understand of library work, and the study in Wales added the foundation in Librarianship and allowed me to sail far in the ocean of knowledge world.

=====

I enjoyed Cataloguing work and saw the beauty of the MARC coding format. Nevertheless, I identified myself more as a reference librarian than as a cataloguer.

In the small library circle in Singapore, among peers and counterparts in library work, I am still being introduced as the former Reference Librarian from NIE.

By now, it has been over 20 years since I unloaded my reference title, yet from time to time, I receive reference enquiries from peers in the library circle and I am glad I can serve as a Reference Point until today.

Appended here is a write-up of a recent case:

=====

Reference & Friends [title based on the news/talk program Fox & Friends]

ReferenceFriend (RF for short): Hi Reference, I have an enquiry from a retiree who would like to contact Librarian A, who I know is also retired. I understand Librarian A wrote a short biography of the retiree's father. Do you know Librarian A personally?

Reference: No, sorry! Contact her old library, Library B!

(Library B was duly contacted, and the request kindly forwarded. Librarian A very kindly answered the enquiry, which pertained to an interview held decades ago).

The info was then relayed:

Very Grateful Enquirer: That is a real mystery solved! Thank you so much!

RF: Oh, you are most welcome, it's a small thing really --

Very Grateful Enquirer: I've got you a box of chocolates! And come over to my place for lunch! See you!

----------------------------------

RF (to Reference): ....and that's the story. Thanks so much for answering so quickly --

Reference: Hoi, I am a Reference librarian! Enquiries must be answered quickly, immediately, straightaway! Oh, I would like a write-up, please. I will give you  a whole 2 days, which is plenty time in Reference terms. Submit before the LAS AGM!

==========

Notes:

1.  Mrs Wang-Chen Hsiu Chin (1922-1983) was the University Librarian of the former University of Singapore, the predecessor institution of NUS. Mrs Wang joined the library in 1955 and retired as its head in 1978. She obtained both her MA in Political Science and Master of Librarianship from the University of Washington in Seattle. Prior to that, she had worked with a leading local Chinese newspaper, Nanyang Siang Pau, as a journalist and as the head of its resource centre.

The Straits Times, in reporting her passing in 1983, described Mrs Wang as “the woman who helped build the then University of Singapore’s library into one of the best in this region.” (S.T. 11.5.1983).
Source of information:

2. Mr Jim Davies from UK was appointed as Chief Librarian of IE in 1983. He left in 1992/3?.

3. Mr Ng Soo Kwee, retired from the NIE Chief Librarian post in 1994.



RDA in MARC Bibliographic Data

To understand RDA better, I would like to recommend reading:

Cataloger's Reference Shelf
MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data

RDA in MARC Bibliographic Data

http://www.itsmarc.com/crs/mergedprojects/helptop1/helptop1/variable_data_fields/rda_in_marc_bibliographic_data.htm

Here are some key components extracted from the page which I would like to focus on:

NEW for Update
Fields created or revised for RDA
Leader
0XX Fixed Field
for example:
040  Cataloging Source - $e made repeatable and code "rda" added to the MARC code list for Description Convention Source Codes to indicate the use of the RDA rules for description.  (Update 11, 2010)  Leader/18 will be coded i with RDA.

-- already records name to resource relationships using relator terms ($e) or codes ($4); see MARC Code List for Relators and RDA Appendix I
-- subfield $g (Miscellaneous information) made repeatable  (Update 19, 2014)
240  Uniform Title - subfield $g (Miscellaneous information) made repeatable  (Update 19, 2014)
250  Edition Statement - made repeatable in order to better accommodate edition statements for music and other resources cataloged according to RDA
300  Physical Description - recording carrier characteristics and RDA carrier characteristic terms in textual form.

490  Series Statement - ISSN subfield made repeatable.  (Update 10, 2009)
-- recording carrier characteristics and RDA carrier characteristic notes in textual form.
-- notes for resource to resource relationships that may exist between works, expressions, manifestations and items  (RDA Appendix J)
500  General Note - recording carrier characteristics and RDA carrier characteristic notes in textual form.
502  Dissertation Note - additional subfield specificity  (Update 9, 2008)

-- already records name to resource relationships using relator terms ($e) or codes ($4); see MARC Code List for Relators and RDA Appendix I
-- subfield $g (Miscellaneous information) made repeatable in fields 600, 610, 611, 630  (Update 19, 2014)
650  Subject Added Entry - Topical Term - added $g (Miscellaneous information)  (Update 19, 2014)

700-75X  Added Entry Fields  (Update 10, 2009)
-- already records name to resource relationships using relator terms ($e) or codes ($4); see MARC Code List for Relators and RDA Appendix I
-- structured access points for resource to resource relationships that may exist between works, expressions, manifestations and items  (RDA Appendix J)
-- subfield $i defined in MARC for the relationship term
-- subfield $g (Miscellaneous information) made repeatable in fields 700, 710, 711, 730  (Update 19, 2014)

800-840  Series Added Entry Fields - already records name to resource relationships using relator terms ($e) or codes ($4); see MARC Code List for Relators and RDA Appendix I
-- added $x (International Standard Serial) and $3 (Materials specified)  (Update 9, 2008)
-- added $5 (Institution to which field applies)  (Update 11, 2010)
-- added $7 (Control subfield)  (Update 17, 2013)
-- subfield $g (Miscellaneous information) made repeatable in fields 800, 810, 811, 830  (Update 19, 2014)
856  Electronic Location and Access - identifiers for resource to resource relationships that may exist between works, expressions, manifestations and items  (RDA Appendix J)
X10  Corporate Names - Subfield $c (Location of meeting) made repeatable for recording multiple location names in relation to conferences.  (Update 18, 2014)
X11  Meeting Names - Subfield $c (Location of meeting) made repeatable for recording multiple location names in relation to conferences.  (Update 18, 2014)
Many subfields $o, $u, $x, $w, and $0 - identifiers for resource to resource relationships that may exist between works, expressions, manifestations and items  (RDA Appendix J)
Current with LC's web site changes through July 30, 2014.
RDA in MARC:
MARC 21 Updates 9-18 include all changes to MARC for use with RDA approved through June 2014.
CONTENT, MEDIA, and CARRIER TYPES and CHARACTERISTICS

For examples:
RDA Content Types

RDA contains a list of English language content types for which a new field 336 was provided in MARC Bibliographic and in MARC Authority.

RDA Media Types
MARC already indicates media type in field 007/00.
RDA contains a list of English language media types for which a new field 337 is provided in MARC Bibliographic and in MARC Holdings.

RDA Carrier Types
MARC already indicates carrier type in field 007/01.
RDA contains a list of English language carrier types for which a new field 338 is provided in MARC Bibliographic and in MARC Holdings.

RDA Carrier Characteristics
MARC provides for recording carrier characteristics in textual form in Bibliographic fields 300, 340, and 5XX and in coded form in Bibliographic and Holdings field 007.
RDA contains lists of English language terms that can be used to express carrier characteristics and also allows expression via notes.
RDA carrier characteristic notes – MARC Bibliographic fields 500 and other 5XX
RDA carrier characteristic terms in MARC Bibliographic format
-- Field 340  Physical Medium  (new subfields)
-- New Bibliographic format fields
ATTRIBUTES of NAMES and RESOURCES
Attributes of names and titles are typically information that has been recorded in name headings (e.g., date of birth) or in uniform title headings (e.g., key for music) -- or they may have been included in a note in an Authority record for the name or title.  With RDA they may be recorded separately from the heading or as part of the heading (or both).  New fields for these attributes have been established for names and for resources (works and expressions).
New MARC Authority fields for name attributes:
New MARC Authority and Bibliographic fields for work and expression attributes:
046  Special Coded Dates  (new subfields only)
384  Key (NR)

RELATIONSHIPS
Name to resource
RDA Appendix I lists possible relationships between a resource and persons, families and corporate bodies, e.g., author, artist, cartographer.
MARC already records these types of relationships using relator terms ($e) or codes ($4) in 1XX, 6XX, 7XX, and 8XX in MARC Bibliographic and 1XX, 4XX, and 5XX in MARC Authority.
MARC Code List for Relators is being augmented with RDA relationships that are not already in the list.
Resource to resource
RDA Appendix J lists over 400 relationships that may exist between works, expressions, manifestations and items, e.g., dramatized as (work), indexed in (work), sequel, digest of (expression), filmed with (manifestation), reproduction of (item).
RDA identifies several methods for specifying these relationships:
-- identifiers - e.g., many $o, $u, $x, $w, and $0 subfields, and field 856
-- notes - 5XX Bibliographic and 667-68X Authority
-- structured descriptions - 76X-78X Bibliographic
-- structured access points - 700-75X Bibliographic and 4XX, and 5XX Authority
MARC addition:  $i defined for the relationship term - in Bibliographic 700-75X (see specific field) and 76X-78X (subfield $i) and in Authority 4XX and 5XX (subfield $i).
Name to name
RDA Appendix K lists possible relationships between persons, families and corporate bodies, e.g., employee, sponsor, descendent family, employer, predecessor.
MARC subfield $i added to 4XX and 5XX Authority is also used to specify these types of relationships.
MISCELLANEOUS OTHER CHANGES to MARC for RDA
Additional subfield specificity in field 502 (Dissertation Note)
ISSN subfield made repeatable in field 490 (Series Statement)
Additional codes in various 007 and 008 character positions
Field 040 $e made repeatable and code "rda" added to the MARC code list for Description Convention Source Codes to indicate the use of the RDA rules for description.  Leader/18 will be coded i with RDA.
Field 250 made repeatable in order to better accommodate edition statements for music and other resources cataloged according to RDA.
Subfield $c (Location of meeting) made repeatable in X10 (Corporate Names) and X11 (Meeting Names) fields for recording multiple location names in relation to conferences.
Experimentation with a technique for including URIs for values (no MARC content designation change).  (See Discussion Paper 2010-DP02 for general description.)


Source of information: